Critical Analysis of This Boys Life by Tobias Wolff Essay -- Analys

This Boys Life is the autobiographical account of teenager. Toby and his mothers search for financial constancy and a peaceful life. Tobys family was split down the middle as a child, leaving his father and older brother on the eastern hemisphere Coast and, for the most part, uninvolved in Tobys life. The story begins when Toby and his mother, rosemary, leave her abusive boyfriend in Florida to take their chances at suitable rich in the uranium mines in Utah. They are short on money, a theme that continually comes up throughout the book, but full of accept and love for each other. Unfortunately, as they arrive in Utah, they discover the uranium resources have already been bled dry and they must go to Salt Lake City where Rosemary manages to get a job as a secretary. Soon afterwards, the ex-boyfriend follows the pair to Salt Lake City an d rejoins their life. His abusive behavior continues and Toby and Rosemary are constrained to flee again. This time fate lands them on a bus headed for Seattle. Once in Washington, Rosemary finds a group of female friends who encourage her to start dating, last landing her with a relationship and later marriage with yet another abusive man, Dwight. The mother and son pair is in a constant fight for a better way to live in terms of security and stability, but their love and loyalty to each other is solid. Toby seems to show signs of delirious and behavioral disorders in his journey through adolescence. He develops many different distinct personalities at various points to try to evade the harsh realities of his life. In the descent of the novel, he expresses a... ...ter fighter by tormenting him. Wolff admits that, All of Dwights complaints against me had the aim of giving me a definition of myself. They succeeded, but not in the way I wished. I defined myself in opposition to him. In the past, I had been ready, even when innocent, to believe any evil thing of myself. Now that I had grounds for guilt I could no longer feel it. His admission of oblivion to his disorder becomes realistic when explained in this context. Despite seeing him repeatedly change his identity, lie, steal, take excessive risks, and act by and large wild and out of control at times, the reader somehow still comes out believing in and loving this lost young man. His spirit to exit and loyalty to his mother shine through, forcing readers to recognize, but look past the emotional and behavioral disorders that sometimes hinder his journey towards freedom.

Barkovs Hamlet: A Tragedy of Errors Essay -- essays research papers

William Shakespeare authorshipThe text of Hamlet contains indicationsthat Shakespeare portrayed himself asan allegedly dead university graduate.HAMLET A TRAGEDY OF ERRORS,OR THE TRAGICAL FATE OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE?byAlfred BarkovTo the contentsWhen the text ofWilliam Shakespeare a mask for Hamlet - Christopher Marlowe?William ShakespeareHamlet is read attentively, and no details are disregarded, it becomes evident that William Shakespeare included in it something quite divergent from what has been traditionally interpreted. According to the text, prince Hamlet was not a son to king Hamlet, king Hamlet has never been poisoned, pregnant Ophelia was drowned by prince Hamlets half-brother. though that might phonate odd, the facts Shakespeare included in the text suggest that the plot of Hamlet has been perceived erroneously.In what we traditionally consider to be the plot of Hamlet, there exist bigeminal contradictions and discrepancies which cannot be explained within the establish ed interpretation. Even the age of the hero is not known for sure Hamlet of the Act I is around twenty maculation in the Act V he appears to be thirty years old.If we really rate Shakespeares talent that highly as we use to proclaim, we have to apply a different approach to the contradictions in Hamlet. That is, they must be treated as composition means intended by Shakespeare as integral split of the structure of Hamlet. Attentive reading suggests that the contradictions reflect a sophisticated structure with two plots both containing seemingly the same cast of characters factually possessing with different biographies.Though the real plot of Hamlet as it was intended by Shakespeare can be comprehended without employment of any theory, there was necessary to develop a version of Literary Theory capable to address the problems of decoding and describing the inner structure of special class of fiction called menippeah. Despite that Hamlet belongs to that class, in my paper, I avoi ded plunging into the issues of literary theory because the hidden content of any menippeah can be perceived with just attentive reading, Shakespeares Hamlet being no exception.Menippeah is different from the triad known classes of fiction the epics, the lyrics, and the drama. It employs a specific way of narrating widely used even in everyday communication (when irony is intended.)... ...lizabeth?..The Shakespeare mystery was maintained at the state level as a top state secret. Queen Elizabeth personally tackled two cases threatening the fate of Christopher Marlowe.Chapter VIII The second Virgin in the history of human civilization?Christopher Marlowe taught Arabella Stuart, a prospective queen. The parliament adopted a decision the throne should be succeeded by Queen Elizabeths natural rather than legitimate issue.Chapter IX Is Christopher Marlowe The Swan of Avon?Shakespeare-Hamlet is Marlowe the Swan of Avon? The place Queen Elizabeth delivered a child in April 1564 is situate d on river Avon. That might attribute Ben Jonsons definition to Marlowe.Related pagesShakespeare paper. Hamlet and Marlowes working same structureHamlet by William Shakespeare, and Christopher Marlowes dramas possess with identical very sophisticated structure.Hamlet, a summary (The complete version, in Russian)Roberta Ballantines site dedicated to Christopher MarloweWilliam Shakespeare Authorship Roundtable Alfred Barkov ut5abalfredbarkov.kiev.uaP.O. Box 36 Kiev 01103 UkraineCopyright Alfred Barkov 2000, 2003Last updated Nov. 23, 2003

Coming to Terms :: Personal Narrative Writing

Coming to Terms Its not a light bulb that suddenly turns on. Its not a bolt of lightning that strikes you without pain. Its more(prenominal) like a boot a steel toe boot that literally drops out of the sky and kicks you directly in the face, knocking out the majority of your teeth and shattering your nose into a bloody mess. Thats more what its like when you come to a realization. All that talk of a magical epiphany is left in the dust succession the boot moves on to its next victim. It doesnt let you see through some new set of eyes it dulls your other senses so that all you can do is see. You see what youve been missing for a long time. Being a person of many passionate convictions, its fair to recite that Ive had to have facial reconstructive process quite a few times. It most notably happened my sophomore year of college, taking a class called Cubans in the USA . Of course my family warned me that the professor was a raging communist, known for such ghastly cruels as n ot believing in the embargo, questioning the motives of the Cuban American National Foundation, and, dare I say it, not thinking that Fidel Castro was the anti-Christ in the flesh (Oh no Stone Him) So sure enough, the first day I went in, wearing a Cuban oarlock pendant, guns ablaze, ready to strike down this hedonistic infidel with my passionate patriotism. But something happened. He told us to give him a chance to ward off these notions our grandmothers instilled in us. (Oh no, hes already using some evil mind control technique ) But I did give him a chance. And at the end of the semester, I was anxious to learn more of how to correct my mis-education, without loosing my sense of pride in my background, while slowing recovering from the boots most vicious attack. But even more recently, and more notably, it happened during our visit to the South Florida Water Management District. I scanned the website the night before class and went in on Friday morning, armed with my deep, u ncontestable knowledge of the everglades, ready to battle this evil government agency whose sole purpose had to be to serve as a faade for the fact that the government didnt care about the everglades.

Submission or Revolt in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre :: free essay writer

Jane Eyre  Submission or Revolt The single greatest conflict of Charlotte Bronts Jane Eyre is Janes struggle between submission and revolt. At eons it is unvoiced for her to know which of those two actions to choose-- she is a spirited woman who can non accept oppression but sometimes has no choice but to submit. As a superficial girl she had no knowledge that there was a medium between the two. Eventually she learns moderation and she doesnt need to choose submission or revolt she comes into her birth money by the end and escapes from the oppression she suffered as a child. Janes oppression begins at Gateshead Hall while living with her Aunt Reed and cousins. For most  of her time there, she chooses submission to all their cruelties because she has no choice really.   She is a little child with no money and not living relatives that she knows about. John Reed is terrible to her he teases Jane cruelly and tries to harm her. Jane sees in him a tyrant a murderer in the instance when he yells at her for reading his books and then throws the book at her, drawing  blood (13). This is when Jane decides not to remain passive and submit to these cruelties, but to revolt fully against him. She insults him back and physically fights with him. As a result of this, however, Jane is oblige to submit to even greater oppression by Mrs. Reed she is locked in the red-room like an animal. She tries to revolt, but she is unable to accomplish anything at all while locked in the room, except for becoming ill with fear of the room. Before Jane leaves Gateshead for Lowood Institution, she chooses to verbally revolt against Mrs. Reed, as she was unable to before. She tells Mrs. Reed that she is bad, hard-hearted and deceitful and renounces her as a relation (39). before long after, Jane is off to Lowood school where more adults tell her what to do. Jane is not as oppressed at Lowood school, but she still is not allowed to do as she pleases, espec ially not at first. The teachers treat her well, especially Miss Temple, one of her closest friends there. However, after she has been there a few weeks, Mr. Brocklehurst puts her in front of the class and denounces her as a liar. Helen Burns entreats Jane not to let it get her down because Brocklehurst is not a god and is disliked by everyone (71).

Custer :: essays research papers

Custers Last Stand The Tragedy of Little Big cornet is such a tale for over a hundred years. This is one of the most(prenominal) startling defeats in the Military history. More than two hundred cavalrymen were killed in battle on June 25, 1876. Is General Custer to blame for all this mishap with the loss of his troopers including himself? Who was the existent person to blame? The details arent fully covered in the mystery of what happened at Little Bighorn. The Europeans came to battle with the Indians to conquer the North American estate that hundreds of Indian nations had inhabitd on for thousands of years before the Europeans arrived. The Indians chief, Sitting Bull was a great military, political, and spiritual leader. He had a vision that the whites were going to battle with them. So the Indians were ready for battle. Who knows what would have happened if Sitting Bull didnt get his visions. Would they be prepared? Would they have lost more men then they already did? It was a big concern to go to battle because of the loss of his people, but he knew that they were going to be successful with the challenge. The Europeans didnt care about the Indians. Everywhere that Indians live the whites speak of them as lazy, living off the Federal Government, drinking up their dole. It is essentially the same view of the Indian that prevailed in the seventeenth century. This means that the whites mat up strongly about the Indians not caring or being willing to pay for the pictorial resources that they were using up. All the whites cared about was the value of the land and the natural precious golds that came with it. General Custer and his men had been traveling for on going days without food and water. Lack of energy might have been the courtship for most of Custers mens deaths including himself. Fresh trails were reported and on June 25th an Indian village twenty miles above the mouth of the little horn was reported about three miles long and half a mile wide a nd fifteen miles away. Custer pushed his command rapidly though they had made a jar against of seventy-eight miles in twenty-four hours preceding the battle when near the village it was discovered that the Indians were moving in hot haste as if retreating. Reno with seven companies of the one-seventh cavalry was ordered to the left to attack the village at its head while Custer with five companies went to the right and commenced a vigorous attack.

Short Circuit Prison - Original Writing :: Papers

Short rotary Prison - Original Writing Suddenly Mr and Mrs Mcgrathys television set sprung into life and the room well-lighted up as the introduction played for the 6oclock news. The newsreader was looking very upset as he shuffled his papers, then he spoke as the come down thunders down in central London he paused to blow his nose then continued we are very, very upset and sorry to announce than the taper of state, her majesty Queen Elizabeth the second, also head of the commonwealth has been assassinated He paused again as a tear trickled down his face the police require arrested a certain Bill McGrathy There were gasps of breath as the McGrathys were shocked at the mention of their sons name It was 9oclock at night and it was pitch black the lightning potty and illuminated a tall dark grey building known to the locals as Short Circuit Prison, travelling along in a police van under armed guard Bill McGrathy was thinking of what his parents would say if they ever saw him again. Surrounding the prison was a dark forest. As the convoy travelled along a dirt track through the forest Bill McGrathy looked out of the slit window. He saw the branches reaching into the road manage long bony fingers trying to extract the souls of all who passed by. Back in London thither was dispute in Buckingham Palace the queens body had disappeared and thither were fresh footprints of blood leading from the room. P.C smith was closely following these footprints. Suddenly loud footsteps were heard and P.C Smith was getting closer when the lights all went out there was a bang and a loud crashing sound as something dropped down the centre of a spiral staircase on a rope and P.C Smith felt the wind as the thing came flying past him then a large blunt object struck him round the head and he fell to the ground he was dead. Wrought iron gate clanked for the first time in two hundred years as Short Circuit Prisons recentl y installed electricity sprung to life.

Pluto or Neptune Essay

Dr. Derik Johnson is highly acclaimed for his knowledge and research in physics. He has done a striation of research on the force of gravitation, and has a very conclusive notion in his mind that if suns gravitational pull is so gigantic that it tail assembly compel a system of 9 planets to rotate close to itself, then objects on earth, which is relatively very near to the sun as compared to underworld or Neptune, should also fall towards sun, and not down towards the centre of the planet. He defies Newtonian theory on gravitational pull.Years of concentrated research on this notion, enable him to make a turn, which can reverse the gravitational pull on any object. His joy does not know any limits, on this achievement. This is a device, which has a flat surface and which can be held in ones hand. Once the flat surface is made to face the Sun for 5 minutes, it gathers enough goose egg to change the gravitational field acting on any body. So, if he points this device to a indi vidual walking on road, it would appear to him as if, the person is getting carried upwards. To a common person, this device appears as if it is a round mirror of 5 inches diameter, and nothing else.Dr.Deriks determination friend John Mathew, is a shrewd businessman with acute sense of business opportunities. It was because of this sense of turning innovations into business, that he was a very wealthy man today. As a close friend, he discusses Dr. Derik discusses his invention with John, who perceives a gigantic business opportunity in this device. Now, tons and tons of load can be lifted upwards, with this small device No extra energy no extra efforts His shrewd business mind tells him that cranes and lifting devices could be a thing of past, if this invention could be turned into a working, marketable product. Both work together, incessantly, to bring out a commercially viable product, which can make any object move upward, just by pointing towards it. This product creates as st orm in the market, and becomes an outright success. It becomes a minting machine for this duo. This run for minting money through this product, did not last long. Barely within a few months of its existence, reports of varied misuse of the product started flowing in and making headlines in the news channels and papers.While it proved very beneficial to the perseverance which had real time applications, it became a nuisance for others. Mrs. Alice, the head of an NGO, filed a law grounds against this company, on behalf of a young girl, Edwina. It so happened that a boy poring over with Edwina was madly in love with her, and wanted to marry her. Edwina was in no mood to agree to his proposal, and had been rejecting this boy consistently. So, this boy, uses this device, to shoot a small clip, with her walking supra the surface of the earth. Since she was wearing a skirt at that time, the camera was able to shoot her private parts also. This was obviously very embarrassing to Edwina.H er MMS clips started circulating around the campus, then the town and then to the whole world through the internet. Edwina reported this case to Mrs. Alice, who was very upset at knowing her story. She approached the courts, and filed a law suit against the manufacturers, demanding a very punishing penalty in favor of Edwina, and immediate withdrawal of all the products from the market, and closing down the manufacturing unit. The court, decides to withdraw all the products from the market, pay heavy compensation to Edwina, but does not order closing down of the manufacturing unit. Instead, it issues an orderthat the product could be marketed to genuine customers only, who have to obtain a license to profane this product. The court also orders Dr. Derik to improvise the design in such a way that only a person with very high technical skills can use it. ( Dear customer the resemblances are as follows Dr. Derik Dr. Frankenstein, the product the monster, Edwina- William who was t he victim, John- Henry, and Mrs. Alice- Elizabeth). Reference 1) Victor Frankenstein, Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, retrieved on 5 january 2008 from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Victor_Frankenstein

Labeling Theory Of Deviance Essay

Various theories feed been put forward to explain the causes of crime and delinquency in nine. The Labelling theory of crime argues that the determination to perceive and treat people as rack upenders precipitates their engagement in crime. It is based on the hypothesis that people will assume the pits that they have been given to them by the society. Labelling in this case works to reinforce deviant behaviour as well as solidifying the deviant identities in the society. In other language labelling people as crooks plays a significant role in increasing or rather causing crime in the society. (Burke R,2005).As Tannenbaum, an early sociologist back up the labelling theory of crime argued that the process of tagging, delimitate, identifying, segregating, describing and emphasizing that plastered individual(a)s as deserving special treatment is a way of stimulating, suggesting, suggesting and evoking the traits being complained of makes people become what they ar described a s being. Symbolic interactionalism is based on the agency analysis of deviance and social control. In this case deviance is viewed as a label which is imposed on the subjects who after rejecting or accepting the labels construct deviant identities as well as careers.To change such a situation the claim for radical transformation is more of a necessity than a requirement. Labelling theory of crime can be blamed for the increased instances of crime as the criminal jurist dust tries to curb it. People who are arrested, prosecuted and punished are labelled as criminals and the society deems them as such. A giving proportion of the society also joins hands in labelling them as such and this increases their tendency to indulge in criminal behaviours.When people are labelled as criminals it is difficult for them to effectively adjust into the society and for instance they may fail to obtain legitimate employment, a accompanimentor that increases their likelihood to indulge in crime. (Burke R,2005). They may also baptistery isolation from the mainstream society and this could trigger psychological problems which are highly correlated to wickedness. When the labelled criminals internalize the self concept that they are criminals they tend to increase criminality behaviours as after all they are perceived as criminals and should behave as such.(Coser L, 2006). Offenders ought to be treated as sick characters to make it easier for the criminal justice system to offer best treatment for ease reintegration into the society. This way the stigmatization would be dealt with amicably. Labelling could occur from the society as a whole or the system, family, among peers as well as in schools from teachers. Labelling in crime tends to be more grass or intense among the minority groups whose voice is almost insignificant in society.How a society reacts after it has labelled criminals is what determines if a crime is to dwindle or intensify. Societies that labels criminal s and for a long term reject them in the society increases their likelihood to commit crime while the society that tries to assist the labelled criminals to effectively integrate into the society reduces the rates of crime that could have been attributed by labelling. Erving Goffman is among the sociologists whose ideologies could be utilizable in explaining the labeling theory of crime. He is popular for the notion of tally introductions.He defined total institutions as places of residence and work where a large figure of speech of like-situated individuals are cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time. Together these people lead an enclosed formally administered round of life. Goffman further highlighted the discrepancies between those who reside in the total institutions and those in the larger general population. In the larger population man works, plays and sleeps in varying places, with varying people, different authorities and in the absence of an o verall rational plan.(Hawkins J and Kirkland F, 2001). This is contrary with the scenario in the total institutions where there are barriers between those three outlooks. Life in the total institutions is wrap up or definite and this creates the notion that they exist for a good reason among the general population. There is no immunity in the total institutions as is go through in the home dry land or the general population. To Goffman the inmates being sent to prisons or total institutions already know the culture they are to expect though the reality is actually felt or experienced after admission.(Hawkins J and Kirkland F, 2001). Goffman identified three major phases in the life of an inmate. The premiere sensation is forwards they get into the total institutions that is when they are still in the home world, when they in the institutions and when they re enter the home world after release from the total institutions. He focused on the similarities that exist in the varyi ng institutions. He argues that all aspects of life are conducted in the like place and under the same or a single authority. This means that all prisons will have similar experiences.All these aspects were carried on in the immediate company of a large batch of others all of whom were treated alike and needed to do the same things unitedly. Another observation made was that all phases of a days activities were to be tightly scheduled and one activity led at a pre-arranged time to the next. (Willcocks D, Peace, S and Kellaher l, 1987)Notably, the whole sequence of activities was imposed from a higher system of explicit formal rulings and a body of officials a clear indication of alienation and dominance within the total institutions.The various enforced activities are brought together into a single rational plan which is designed to fulfill the official aims of the institution. The roles that are performed by the inmates in the total institutions serve interests or are for the aim s of the institution rather than the individual. Goffman identified four major dimensions of institutional life ranging from the rigidity of the routine, block treatment of inmates, depersonalization of inmates and social distance between the staff and the inmates which Goffman termed as binary management.(Willcocks D, Peace, S and Kellaher l, 1987) Before one gets into prison they are from the home world where they already have an established conception of themselves. Entrance into the total institutions strips them off the benefits attached to the home world. Here, they are subjected to a series of abasement, degradation and humiliation. The consequence of this is that their self becomes horrified. When in the institution an individual develops a moral career which is determined or influenced by his surrounding. The role of the significant other becomes critical at this point.Goffman observed further that in the total institutions the process by which individuals were mortify was rather standard across all of them. This is a clear indication that life in these institutions is quite different from that which is experienced in the larger world and that it is a difficult task to have inmates maintain the same traits they had before they got there. (Willcocks D, Peace, S and Kellaher l, 1987). Again, since the conditions were similar across the total institutions they were likely to exhibit similar traits.The first restriction of the self for the inmates takes place when the total institutions act as a barrier between the inmate and the general population. In the civilian life ones sequential roles are not in conflict with one another and so no roles hinders or rather blocks the performance of the others regardless of how frequent they were. Life in the institutions is in such a manner that role scheduling is disrupted as the inmates do not dictate what to do and when to do it. In other words they are denied the freedom to decide what role to perform and at wha t time.Instead there are round the clock supervision where orders given are to be followed to the letter. In addition to the role scheduling being disrupted in the institution, role dispossession also takes place, Visitors are dependant and one is also restricted from frequenting places they initially did. Depending on whether the entrance into the total institution was voluntary or involuntary entry to such institutions somehow prepares the individual to withdraw from home world or from the general population. (Willcocks D, Peace, S and Kellaher l, 1987).This preparation makes the adaptation in the new environment easier. Involuntary entry into the total institutions is hitherto different as one may not be prepared for the new kind of life. Inmates may find themselves perform some roles that they learnt in the institutions on return to the general world. All the same there are certain houses that will have to be incurred or faced for instance the time for procreation or parenti ng. There is also the loss of legal privileges for instance one may not be in a position to attend to appeal proceedings on matters that affect them directly for instance adoption of a child.These privileges may be short term they maybe enjoyed on the completion of the term. yet there are others with long term ramifications. The realization that one has not lost certain rights due to the barrier between him and the outside world may not auger well with him. There are other challenges that the inmate faces on return to the society. For instance there are the admission requirements where certain standards have to be followed or adhered to.On entrance to the total institutions various losses are incurred as for instance one may lose their hair, their identity as they are assigned numbers, they undress and change their clothes and are given institutional uniforms, they list their possessions, have to adhere to the rules and they are also assigned to certain quarters where they are to r eside. According to Goffmanns findings the society is to blame for deviance within it as it subjects people it terms as wrong doers into harsh conditions and expects them to reform.(Willcocks D, Peace, S and Kellaher l, 1987). In the book the Myth of mental nausea Thomas Szasz argued that mental illness was a myth. To him, the whole idea or notion of psychiatric illness could be termed as scientifically worthless and socially harmful. (Shorter E, 1997). There are similarities between goffman and szasz ideologies. Goffman backed Szasz when he made the conclusion that the mental health institution he studied could be defined as a total institution where the closed system infantilized the patients and restricted their lives.Goffman noted that the clear deviance between the staff and the patients and on entrance to the institutions the patients faced humiliation, degradation, abasement and profanations of the self. Goffman rejected the idea of prisons and mental health institutions w hich according to him robbed off the inmates their time. The sentence denied them living. The aspect of alienation is clear when the use of power is used by the staff members against the patients. He condemned the pretence by the staff members that they were out to assist the patients and dismissed it as a mere power grab.(Shorter E, 1997). Szasz argued that although psychological disorders are real, defining them as diseases was a way of imposing coercion in the society. He argued that defining such disorders as illness when they had no correlation with physical sickness was untrue. The only relationship existing between mental disorders and physical illness was the fact that they both made the individual unable to handle their daily activities or duties. (www. mdx. ac. uk). The psychological disorders according to Szasz were brought about by man.He further noted that lordly psychiatry is a crime against humanity and it undermines freedom in the society. He quoted Mill to justify his observation that the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community against his will is to prevent harm to others. His own good either physical or moral is not sufficiently warranty. However unlike Mill, Szasz offered or rather provided no exception where power could be used forcefully.He advocated for freedom where all individuals are given the chance to choose what they find best for them. Although the compulsory psychiatry may not be harmful to the patients Szasz argues that it is not congruous with a free society. (www. mdx. ac. uk). He further advocates for the application of universal law which is not discriminative to anyone in the society. The same law applied to those termed as lunatic ought to be the same applied on those viewed as insane. Treating people otherwise is unfair as it implies that there is no equality and they are treated as special beings.Any form of special treatment on the allegations that one is ment ally sick is unfortunate as it treats them as less human beings. (www. mdx. ac. uk). References Anthony Clare and ray Sedgwick. Mental Health and Civil Liberties. A theoretical contrast of Thomas Szasz. Retrieved on 5th march 2009 from http//www. mdx. ac. uk/WWW/STUDY/mhhlib. htmSzaszMyth Dianne M. Willcocks, Sheila M. Peace, Leonie A. Kellaher. 1987. Private Lives in macrocosm Places A Research-based Critique of Residential Life in Local Authority Old Peoples Homes. Taylor & Francis Publishers.Edward Shorter 1997. A History of Psychiatry From the Era of the refuge to the Age of Prozac. John Wiley and Sons Publishers John Palmer Hawkins and Faris Kirkland. 2001. Army of hope, army of alienation culture and contradiction in the American Army communities of Cold War Germany. Greenwood Publishing conference Tim Jordan, Steve Pile, 2002. Open University Social Change. Blackwell Publishing, Lewis Coser. 2006. Crime Theories and the Field of Criminology. Retrieved on 4th march 2009 f rom http//www. apsu. edu/oconnort/1010/1010lect02. htm.

Force Practice Questions

A hockey stick exerts an average draw off of 39N on a 0. 2kg hockey puck over a displacement of 0. 22m. if the hockey puck started from rest, what is the final velocity of the puck? Assume no friction. Your physics teacher walking with the aid of a cane approaches a skate room of 3. 5 kg lying on the side walk. Pushing with an angle of 60 degree start from the horizontal with his cane, he applies a force of 115N, which is enough to toll the skateboard out of his way. Calculate the initial quickeningA solo arctic adventurer pulls a string of dickens toboggans of supplies across level, snowy ground. The toboggans have masses of 95kg and 55kg. Appling a force of 165N causes the toboggans to accelerate at 0. 61m/s2. Find the tension in the rope attached to the second toboggan. A 75kg man is standing on a scale in an elevator when the elevator begins to descend with an acceleration of0. 66 m/s2. What is the reading on the scale while elevator is accelerating? A 32 kg cocker is prac tising climbing skills on a climbing wall, while being belayed by her parent.The child loses her grip and dangles from the rope. When the parent starts lowing the child, the tension in the rope is 253N. Find the acceleration of the child when she is first being lowered. The lighter person on an Atwood machine is 45kg. If the tension in the rope is 512N, what is the mass of the second person? What is the acceleration of the two people? A 40g glider on an air track is connected to a suspended 25g mass by a string passing over a frictionless pulley. When the mass is released, how long will it take the glider to travel the 0. 5 m to the other end of the track. Starting from rest, Grace bikes down the starting ramp at a professional biking track. If the ramp has the minimum legal dimensions (1. 5m high and 12m long), find the acceleration when coefficient of friction is 0. 11 Lyn flick a 5. 5g coin up a smooth board propped at an angle of 25 degree to the floor. If the initial velocity o f the coin is 2. 3m/s up the board and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the coin and the board is 0. 4, how far does the coin travel before stopping?

Company Comparison: Raytheon (Rtn) and Textron (Txt) Essay

Raytheon was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1922, as the American Appliance Company, by Laurence K. Marshall, Vannevar scouring, and Charles G. metalworker. Marshall and Bush were engineering students, while Smith was an inventor and scientist, but they were all entrepreneurs. After failures to market an idea for a new refrigerator the trio began to focus on electronics. (Raytheon, Wikipedia.com)An idea that Smith and Bush had worked on years earlier, a new kind of gaseous tube that would allow radios for the start-off time to be plugged into a wall socket and conk on electricity rather than batteries, would be their new direction. (Raytheon Company, fundinginguniverse.com) After acquiring a patent for the idea and because an Indian bon ton already had rights to the name American Appliance Company, Raytheon Manufacturing Company was born. (Raytheon Company, fundinginguniverse.com) The consumer demand for electronics was booming and the new radio-receiver power supply (gas eous rectifier), which immediately allow radios to be in every household for pennies of what it cost to unendingly replace batteries. (History, Raytheon.com)As the competition for radio-receiving tubes began to intensify Raytheon, mainly Laurence K, Marshall, saw the need to diversify. (Raytheon Company, fundinginguniverse.com) Raytheons philosophy soon became to acquire companies that could take Raytheon to new heights in the competitive electronics market and to reinvest profits back into the company for research and to development and improve products. They acquired Acme-Delta Company in1933 a producer of transformers, power equipment, and electronic auto separate and Raytheon soon became the worlds largest vacuum tube manufacturing companies. (Raytheon, Wikipedia.com)During World War II Raytheon had the opportunity to help Allied Forces with the mass production of magnetron tubes, which improved the susceptibility of radar to detect enemy planes. As the war ended Raytheon mov e to search for erudition opportunities in an attempt to consolidate independent comp int manufacturers into unrivaled company. (Raytheon Company, fundinginguniverse.com) They acquired Belmont Electronics, who was developing televisions for commercial use, for $4.6 million in 1945 and Russell Electric for $1.1 million later the same year. (Raytheon Company, fundinginguniverse.com) A merger with Submarine Signal Company in 1946 helped Raytheon make it thru tough times after WWII and it was decided that Sub-Sig would specialize in sonar devices and that Raytheon would continue to develop new radar systems. (History, Raytheon.com)The relationships Raytheon developed during WWII helped it grow the company and the productions of magnetron tubes learn them to their close great invention, the ability to use microwaves to cook food. In 1947 Raytheon demonstrated the starting line microwave, but it was their acquisition in 1965 of Amana Refrigeration, Inc, a manufacturer of refrigerator s and channel conditi unrivalledrs that made the microwave oven actually affordable and 1967, Raytheon introduced the first countertop, domestic 100-volt microwave oven. (History, Raytheon.com) The microwave brought great profits to Raytheon. This led to acquisitions of many to a greater extent companies over the next decade.In 1948 Raytheon developed the first missile guidance system in which both the radar transmitter and receiver were carried in the nose of the missile itself. (History, Raytheon.com) This lead to Raytheon receiving a contract from the U.S. Army in 1967 to develop its frequently needed missile defense system, later named the Patriot Missile System. The missile guidance system, much in demand during the Cold War of the 70s and 80s and Persian Gulf Wars, became a major part of Raytheons handicraft. Raytheon has continued to acquire companies, including Beech Aircraft in 1980 and the defense businesses of Texas Instruments Inc. in 1997, it deems necessary to achie ve its goals and expand its business. Raytheon is currently composed of six major business divisionsIntegrated justification SystemsIntelligence and Information Systems Missile Systems Network Centric Systems Raytheon Technical Services Company LLC Space and Airborne Systems (wikinvestment.com)Raytheons current CEO and Chairman, William H. Swanson, was named CEO in 2004. He graduated from California Polytechnic State University with a bachelors degree in industrial engineering and acquired his MBA from Golden State University. (Leadership, Raytheon.com) He joined Raytheon in 1972 and held a wide range of leadership positions, including manufacturing manager of the companys Equipment Division, and general manager of Raytheon Electronic Systems . (William H, Swanson, wikipedia.com) Swanson is the member of numerous soldiers advisory boards and continues Raytheons pursuit to be the leading supplier for defense systems and continued innovations.He has continued to acquire companies th at will allow Raytheon to achieve its goals more efficiently. Raytheons November 4 acquisition of Trusted Computer Solutions (TCS), an industry leader in cross-domain and cyber security software and services, and acquiring Technology Associates Inc, a company that delivers luxuriant life-cycle computer engineering to mission-critical programs in the U.S. intelligence community, in October 2010, are examples of Swanson continuing the philosophies of Raytheons founders. (Leadership, Raytheon.com)Textron (TXT) Mission statement to be one of the Worlds best(p) Managed companies glorious Managers of Shareholder Resources A Multi-Industry Company with Global Leadership Positions in Each of Our Businesses. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) Background and HistoryTextron was founded by royal stag forgetful in 1923, as the exceptional Yarns Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts and was a textile company. A Harvard Graduate, Royal Little was an outspoken advocate for non-related diversif ication, so any down turns of one business would have minimal to no affect on other components of the company. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) With the acquisition of Franklin Process Company, a cotton yarn processing company in 1928, they became the first multi-industry company. (Textron, Wikipedia.com) Changing its name to Atlantic Rayon Corporation during World War II, business flourished from the demand for parachutes. (Company History,Textron.com) Little was extremely hands on and as tax slowed at the end of WWII he moved to producing lingerie and other consumer goods. (Textron.com) In 1943 the name was changed to Textron and in 1947 it was listed on the New York Stock Exchange.Royal Little was cognize for antipathetical takeovers and his irrepressible impulses to acquire more companies. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) In 1956, in an attempt to balance his own business style, Little hired banker Rupert Thompson. This partnership became known as the first conglomerate . (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) Thompsons main objectives, as the director and head of Textrons non-textile operations and as Littles successor, were to balance Textrons acquisitions and minimize the affects an economic downturn in one portion of company would have on the rest of the company. Thompson believed the company should sell any division of the company at the first sign of unfavorable surgical operation and this included the selling of Textrons last textile holding, Amerotron, in 1963. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com)Through the 60s and 70s Textron made many more acquisitions. peradventure the around impressive was the purchase of Bell Aircraft Company for $32 million in 1960. Bell was best known for its helicopters, it gave Textron entrance into the aerospace industry, and Bell Aerospace became the name of this Textron division. (Textron, Wikipedia.com) Royal Little also retired at the end of 1960, but with Rupert Thompson taking over Textron continued growth through acquisition. In 1984 Textron acquired Avco Corporation which doubled the size of Textron and in 1992 the acquisition of Cessna Aircraft Company balanced the Bell Aerospace divisions defense-related business activity.Mission statement to be one of the Worlds Best Managed companies Excellent Managers of Shareholder Resources A Multi-Industry Company with Global Leadership Positions in Each of Our Businesses. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) Background and HistoryTextron was founded by Royal Little in 1923, as the Special Yarns Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts and was a textile company. A Harvard Graduate, Royal Little was an outspoken advocate for non-related diversification, so any down turns of one business would have minimal to no affect on other components of the company. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) With the acquisition of Franklin Process Company, a cotton yarn processing company in 1928, they became the first multi-industry company. (Textron, Wikipedia.com ) Changing its name to Atlantic Rayon Corporation during World War II, business flourished from the demand for parachutes. (Company History,Textron.com) Little was extremely hands on and as revenue slowed at the end of WWII he moved to producing lingerie and other consumer goods. (Textron.com) In 1943 the name was changed to Textron and in 1947 it was listed on the New York Stock Exchange.Royal Little was known for hostile takeovers and his irrepressible impulses to acquire more companies. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) In 1956, in an attempt to balance his own business style, Little hired banker Rupert Thompson. This partnership became known as the first conglomerate. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com) Thompsons main objectives, as the director and head of Textrons non-textile operations and as Littles successor, were to balance Textrons acquisitions and minimize the affects an economic downturn in one portion of company would have on the rest of the company. Thompson believe d the company should sell any division of the company at the first sign of adverse performance and this included the selling of Textrons last textile holding, Amerotron, in 1963. (Textron Inc., fundinguniverse.com)Through the 60s and 70s Textron made many more acquisitions. Perhaps the near impressive was the purchase of Bell Aircraft Company for $32 million in 1960. Bell was best known for its helicopters, it gave Textron entrance into the aerospace industry, and Bell Aerospace became the name of this Textron division. (Textron, Wikipedia.com) Royal Little also retired at the end of 1960, but with Rupert Thompson taking over Textron continued growth through acquisition. In 1984 Textron acquired Avco Corporation which doubled the size of Textron and in 1992 the acquisition of Cessna Aircraft Company balanced the Bell Aerospace divisions defense-related business activity. (Company History, Textron.com)Textron has been containent in acquiring companies that offer complementary produ cts, markets, or manufacturing processes and this has allowed them to easily merge their unlike companies into one large division. Examples of this are their Textron Automotive Company which merged six different automotive businesses and Textron Fastening Systems Inc. which merged five fastening companies. (Company History, Textron.com) Textron currently consist of the following five major business divisionsCessna (32%)Bell (27%) Textron Systems (18%) Industrial (12%) Finance (11%) (wikinvestment.com)Textrons current CEO and chairman is Scott C. Donnelly. He has been with Textron since2008 and became CEO in celestial latitude of 2009. Donnelly, who was formerly the president and CEO for General Electric (GE) Aviation, got his Bachelor of Science degree in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Colorado. (Company History, Textron.com) Donnellys philosophies are correspondent to Textrons past CEOs as he continues to implement restructuring and new product develop ment. His work with GE Global Research, the worlds largest and most diversified industrial research organization, will help him keep Textron diversified, which was always the goal of the founder.

Napoleonic Era

The French Constitution of the Year VIII was a nationally charter that was adopted on the twenty-fourth of December, 1799. Around that time, the French Revolution was coming to coming to an end. It also marked the eighth class in the schedule of the French Revolution. This make-up was well known for the innovation of the type of government branded as Consulate. One of the premises of the writing is to get the consensus of the general general to weigh on opinion for the masses. This constitution was responsible for fabricating the position of First Consul, a position which gave Napoleon Bonapart the authority of a tyrant (Connely, 2000).EffectivityThis constitution was effective for a short time and was later amended into the Constitution of the division X, a constitution that made Napoleon Bonaprte the First Consul for the duration of his lifespan. The constitution that succeeded was blatantly favored to Bonaparte as it did not come with a Declaration of Rights (cited in Crook , 2007).How Bonaprte amended the constitution and rose to PowerThe Constitution of the year VIII basically divides the French Government into three parts. First of which is the senate it is composed of 31 men with an age bracket of 60 and above. The second is the Tribunate which is comprised of 100 men. brave the Core Legislatif this division is formed by 300 legislators. However, though the government has three divisions, the authentic power resides in the First Consul, much similar to the totalitarian concept of Julius Caesars rule, which is peace through tyranny (Connely, 2000).ReferencesConnely, O. (2000). The Frecnh Revolution and Napoleonic Era. Texas Harcourt.University of North Carolina Greensboro (2002). French History Timeline. Retrieved November 17, 2007 fromhttp//www.uncg.edu/com/sources/dafein/civ/timeline.htmThe Napoleon Series (1995-2002). Government and Politics. Constitution of the year VIII. RetrievedNovember 17, 2007 From http//www.napoleon-series.org/research/g overnment/legislation/c_constitution8.htm

Janmar coatings Essay

1. Problem Identification describes the current problem or opportunity facing the organization. The current problem that is facing Janmar Coatings is how to cost effectively market the products and what vault of heaven is the best place to market. Companies rely on the leadership to help make decisions regarding the market and after two senior executive meetings, there is no resolution.2. Industry, Market, and emptor Analysis provides an external compend of the organization. Consider industry structure and performance competitors strengths and weaknesses, and buyer behavior. Also consider whether the market can be segmented, and if so, whether the segments can be quantified. (15 points)The US paint industry is an established industry. In 2004 it was just over a sixteen billion dollar industry. It is expected to grow steadily in line with the rate of inflation. The US paint coatings industry is divided into three parts or segments architectural paint coatings, original equipment ma nufacturing coatings, and special purpose coatings. xliii percent of the market is held by architectural paint coatings. Architectural paint coatings be defined as general purpose paints, varnishes, and lacquers. It is used in the residential market, the commercial market and institutional structures. It is sold by wholesalers and retailers. Contractors, passe-partout painters, and do-it yourself painters are the buyers.Thirty-five percent of the market is make up of original equipment manufacturing coatings. These are made peculiar(prenominal)ally for an industrial buyer to use on products during manufacturing. These products include cars, trucks, appliances, furniture, and equipment. This would be used in the commercial market. It is sold by the manufacturer to a follow manufacturing the product. The final segment of the market holds twenty-two percent, the special purpose coatings. The special purpose coatings are used for environmental applications. This is used for extreme conditions such as temperatures and exposure to chemicals. It is used on roads, roofs, and other products that are affected by chemicals or temperatures. Some of the competitors are Sherwin-Williams, Valspar, Glidden, Benjamin Moore, and PPG Industries.3. Organizational Analysis provides an internal analysis ofthe firm. Consider the organizations mission and resources, its strengths and weaknesses, and its past performance. (15 points)Janmar Coatings sells architectural paint coatings and supplies needed. They are based in Dallas, TX. They currently market to over 50 counties in Texas. The 11 counties in Dallas/Ft Worth area is the major service area. In 2004 the industry was at 16 Billion, and the sales for Janmar was 80 million. The company divides into the Dallas Ft Worth area and non Dallas Ft Worth area. Forty-eight million was made in the Dallas Fort Worth area, and thirty-two million was made in the non Dallas Ft Worth area. This is a 60-40 split. The companys sales are divi ded into 50% do it yourself painters, 25% professional painters, and 25% government sales.4. Alternative Courses of work describes the viable alternatives the organization might take to solve the problem. These options are often outlined in the case. Provide the pros and cons as well as the related be and revenues for each alternative. If your quantitative analysis is extensive, please put it in an appendix to your report. (25 points)One alternative the senior management executives talk about doing is increasing advertising, with an fierceness on television. This will reach non-DFW consumers in 15 countries. This will cost them $350,000 above what they are already spending in advertising. The con to this is 75% of consumers are not purchasing paint so spending $350,000 for advertising would not reach the number they are trying to reach.The Vice President of sales wants to land one additional sales representative to the non-DFW market whose sole responsibility is to develop new r etail account leads and presentations or call on professional painters to solicit their business through dealers. This will cost them approximately $60,000 excluding commission.The Vice President of Finance alternative was to continue on the approach they are comportment by guarding their margins. He claims they have and will still be profitable through controlling costs. The contribution margin is35%.5. Recommendation/Discussion outlines and justifies the specific actions needed to address the problem. (20 points)

It is not only Hamlet who is ‘transformed’ Essay

Something have you heard of hamlets transformation It is non only Hamlet who is alter the concepts of transformation and decay are at the centre of the play both(prenominal) for Shakespeares auditory modality and for modern theatregoers. Discuss. The opening scene of Hamlet is one filled with nervousness and ablaze tension. Shakespeare shows this through the language of his characters.Barnardos fore nearly line of Whos on that point followed by Franciscos result of Nay, answer me. reveals to the consultation the agitation of the sentinels. This unstable atmosphere continues through bug out the scene and the audience find out that there is a threat from Fortinbras to attack Denmark and the elderly magnate has died. Certainty dissolves into rumour showing there is also dislocation in Denmarks society At least the whisper goes so as the people are uncertain about what is going to happen.The play speaks of a strange eruption to the assign and so it could be argued that Denm ark has gone through a transformation of political power and the state itself has changed. This is because Marcellus speaks of the old Denmark and how hallowd and so gracious is that time when the nights were wholesome. The new Denmark, on the other hand, is a can where the dead are restless and the future of the country is uncertain. The theme of political instability was a significant factor for a 17th century audience who had experienced similar traumas.England had struggled to raise a navy to meet the Spanish Armada in 1588. Shakespeares Denmark is in a state in jeopardy- bonnie as England was after the death of Elizabeth as the public awaited to see who would succeed the throne. Shakespeares first audience could see a scene of their own recent history- and an unsettling reminder of their uncertain future. Like the sentinels, an audience in the 1600s would feel uneasy and sense the dislocation of Denmark.A modern audience understands the instability in the opening scene, howev er, they would not necessarily be fully informed of its intenseness, as there are incompatible attitudes towards kings and the transmission of power of one regime to the next today. Nevertheless, the opening scene has a dramatic shock absorber on both audiences and although an audience in 1600 would relate to the transformation of the state more than an audience in 2003, both audiences understand that Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. The instability of the natural world affects the different audiences in different ways.The entrance of the Ghost had particular significance to Shakespeares audience religion and the state were intertwined frequents walked the universe and their return signified unfinished business, a threat to the state or buried treasure. In this case, the ghost is seen wearing armour showing that evil must have occurred which harmed the former king My fathers spirit in arms All is not well. I doubt some foul play. The reaching of the Ghost establ ishes the break between this world and the next, the natural and the preternatural.This adds to the idea of transformation of Denmark that has gone from a place of natural stability into a state of constant turmoil where the supernatural and natural are combined. on that point is a greater dramatic impact on Shakespeares audience when the Ghost arrives because they call backd in the supernatural world and therefore would understand this unstableness in the state. Modern audiences, however, would not be fully aware of how significant the arrival of the Ghost is in the play. More people today do not believe in such things as ghosts and the supernatural realm.However, modern audiences would sense that there has been a transformation in the natural order of Denmark, the reasons for this change such as political and moral instability would affect the audience more than the supernatural aspect of the play. Moral issues in Hamlet add to the idea that the state has been transformed. Both audiences would have been shocked to discover the marriage between Claudius and Gertrude having found out that Claudius is the dead kings pal. Shakespeare shows us nauseate through the language of his characters.Hamlets line of O most wicked speed To post with such dexterity to incestuous sheets has hissing sibilants that truly show the disgust of the prince and therefore the audience. Shakespeare also emphasises Hamlets repulsion repeatedly with vivid sexual imageries, In the prescribe sweat of an enseamed bed furthermore increasing our disgust of incest between the Bloat King and his queen. Some among Hamlets first audience would recognise this marriage as a parallel to English history. Claudius kills a king and assumes his throne.Henry VII killed King Richard III at Bosworth and founded a Tudor dynasty on a flawed pedigree. Claudius marries Gertrude his late brothers wife as Henry VIII married his brothers widow, Katharine of Aragon. Shakespeares audience knew how England had suffered because of the immoral involvement between the royals, such as incest and murder, so they could bespeak that Denmark will suffer because of its king as England did. By relating his play to parts of recent history, Shakespeare relies on his audience to supply the details of what is to come.

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 28

Remember the fourth dimension we broke Mothers crystal bowl? And I was so worried about how she would re work out that I cried? I asked.Yes, and then Father decided I was to blame and whipped me and c all in alled me wicked, Damon said dully. I tried to make your invigoration easier, little brother. save Im d maven. This time, I want you to confirm exactly what you deserve.What do you want me to say, Damon? I asked angrily, so loudly the two guards looked up in surprise.Damon paused, his eyes at half-mast. Ill tell you exactly what I want you to say right originally I kill you.I rolled my eyes in angry frustration. I image you were the one who wanted to die. And now youre going to kill me?Damon chuckled. You know, now that I think about it, being a beast from hell might not be so bad. In fact, I think its a role I could take to, immensely. Perhaps it wasnt my newfound cite I despised. It wasyou. But if youre goneIf Im gone youll be in Patrick Gallaghers freak show forever, I interrupted.But admit it, brother. Dont you think Patrick Gallaghers freak show is more fun than hell? And once I get some strength, I think I can plan an flight of steps quite easily.And then Im trustworthy youll get caught, just as you did the first time, I said in disgust.I leaned my head jeopardize against the cage bars. The fight was one short hour away(predicate), and I hadnt given up on toilsome to engage Damon, to spark any possible thread of connection between us. But no publication what Id say, hed taunt me or ignore me.It was impossible to know just how long wed been trapped. Since I had exit a vampire, time had taken on a different quality. Seconds and minutes no longer mattered. I found being imprisoned gave time back its importance, because every second brought us closer to our action. As I waited, I played out in my mind the various scenarios the fight could take. I visualise Damon snapping my neck, roaring triumphantly for the crowd. I saw myself succumbing to anger, accidentally stealing life from my brotheragain.But what would find oneself if we twain refused to fight? Could we take on the entire audience together? Could we somehow engineer an escape? Yes, Gallaghers minions had vervain and stakes, but we had Power. If only if when I had Callie on my sideMy heart panged painfully at the thought of Callies betrayal. The image of her flame-red hair and gleaming eyes floated to my mind constantly, inflaming my angerand hurtover and over. I curled my fists. If only Id listened to Lexi. If only I hadnt let a hu universe in.My only goal for the battle was that, if I should die, I would die with my eyes closed, instead of searching the crowd for her face.Lets go, boys Gallagher called out, pushing open the doorstep as if he were rousing two children for a bright and early hike. He wore a pitch-black waistcoat and a brand-new gold watch that glinted in the weak sunlight. He snapped his fingers, and instantly the guards jumped to their feet, restless to put on the makeshift uniform of a vampire handler gloves, boots, and vervain-soaked garlands.The door of the cage flew open, and guards approximately yanked us out, tightened muzzles or so our fangs, and shackled our hands behind our backs. We were blindfolded, then marched out of the attic and into the back of a black iron wagon. The wagon as wellk off, bumpily heading down to the lake.When we arrived at the live, we were marched in reversal directions.Boo ogre I heard the sideshow acts hiss as I was marched through the backstage area. I tightened my jaw. I wondered if Lexi wondered where I was, if she thought I was al ready dead.Though I was still blindfolded, I knew every inch of this camp out. To the leave was the tattooed woman, and to the right was Caroline, the bearded chick. The floor dipped down, and I knew I was in the arena.I felt something snapshot my arm. Ive told a lot of people about what a crafty one you are. But dont submit too hard for m y benefit, Mr. Salva part. My money is on your brother, Jasper whispered gleefully.Finally, the blindfold was removed from my eyes. The tent was lit up alike(p) it was midday, and all the stands were crammed with people. At the heart and reason of the ring, Gallagher had set up a betting pool, where people frantically waved bills in the air. Organ music filled the tent, and the air smelled like candied apples and rum punch.And then, out of the corner of my eye, I saw her.Callie was weaving through the stands, and behind her was consign, carrying a tin box. Her hair was plaited with vervain stems, and her face was pale. puke obviously been dispatched to collect bets in the stand. She was certainly her fathers daughter, and she fulfilled her duties well.She did not look at me once.I tore my gaze away from her and forced it over to Damon on the opposite side of the ring. Damon had always been a true fighter, and his recent bouts had only strengthened him. If Damon wanted to kill me, he would. Moreover, I would let him. I owed him that much.Jasper strike the starting bell, and the crowd hushed. Gallagher stood up from his post in the betting pit and boomedWelcome, ladies and gentlemen, to another fine eventide of sport made possible by yours truly, Patrick Gallagher. Only days ago, we brought you the first-ever fight between a vampire and a mountain lion. Tonight, we bring you the first-ever fight between two vampires, including the winner of that previous match. And not only that, he said, dropping his voice and causing the crowd to hush and lean forward, these two demons are brothers. They came from the same womb, and now one of them will be heading straight to hell.A rock hit me in the back of the head, and I whirled around. Vervain was everywhere, causing the sea of faces to blend together in a hair-raising collage of eyes, noses, and open mouths.Brother, Im sorry for anything Ive done. Please. If we die, lets not die in anger. Were all we have, I w hispered, clenching my jaw and trying, one last time, to reach Damon. Damon looked up for a split second and jerked his head, but his expression was unreadable. In the center of the ring, Gallagher was still commanding the audiences attention.The book will be open for another five minutes for closing bets. But He raised his hand in the air, attempting to silence the crowd. The noise in the tent dulled, if only slightly. Stay by and by the show, when well be selling the losers blood. Even a dead vampires blood has heal powers. Cures all ailments. Even ones in the bedroom. Gallagher winked showily. The crowd catcalled and cheered. I stiffened, wondering whether the crowd thought this was all an act that we were down-on-our-luck actors and that the blood Gallagher sold after the show would be some type of cherry cordial. Did anyone know that all the blood would be real, that the fallen loser in the center of the ring wouldnt be standing up and heading home once the tent was emptied? Callie knew. Callie knew, and she had decided that this would be my fate. I again clenched my jaw, ready to fight, ready to give the audience the show it was looking for. Suddenly, I found myself being led around the ring by Jasper, giving the audience one final chance to scrutinize my strength before raising their stakes. I could hear snatches of conversation from all sides of the tentThat ones got an inch on the other. Im swapping sides.Howd your old lady like one of those for your anniversary?I wonder how theyd do against a real lion.A man dressed in clerical robes stood next to Gallagher, raising his frocked arms to quiet the crowd. I recognized him as the snake charmer from the sideshow.May all good light shine upon this fight and return the losers soul to the cleansing fires of hell he yelled, causing the tent to erupt in a cacophony of noise. A whistle blew, and the fight was on.Damon circled toward me, his stance low to the ground, like when we were kids and practiced boxing . I imitated his stance.Blood one inebriated man yelled, practically hanging over the railing of the ring.Blood Blood Blood The entire tent seemed to be cheering. Damon and I continued to circle each other.Lets not do this, I said.Lets refuse. What can they do?Were beyond that, brother, Damon said.The two of us cant survive in the same world.Anger seeped into my limbs from the center of my being. Why couldnt we? And wherefore couldnt Damon forgive me? I no longer thought he was haunted by the memory of Katherine. Instead, I believed he was haunted byme. Not who I was, but who he thought I wasa monster who killed without fear or awareness of consequence. How dare he not even recognize the lengths Id gone to to try to make him happy, to try to save him? I swung, connecting with Damons cheek. Blood spurted under his eye, and the crowd roared.Damon wound up and swung back, contact me on my shoulder and knocking me down to the ground.Why did you do that? Damon hissed, baring his teeth to the delight of the crowd.Because you wanted it, I hissed back, baring my own teeth, then flipped him over into a headlock.He freed himself quickly and returned to his corner. We stood at opposite sides of the ring, staring at each other, both confused, angry, alone.Fight the crowd roared again. Gallagher glared at us, unsure what to do. He snapped his fingers, and Jasper and Buck ran toward us with stakes, determined to force us to fight each other. They prodded us until our bodies were only inches apart and both of our fists were raised, when a huge, echoing, booming crack that sounded like the sky splitting in two echoed from above. A shivery wind whipped around us, causing a cloud of sawdust and debris to rise at our feet. I smelled smoke. invoke a panicked voice yelled.I looked around wildly. Part of the tent was on fire, and people were cut in all directions.ComeonI felt hands shoving my shoulders. Callie. My eyes opened wide in surprise. Go, go, go Callie yelled, pushing me. She held an axe in her hand, and slowly I began piecing together what had happened. Had she actually cut down the supports of the tent structure, then set the fire?Move Callie pushed me one more time. She was surprisingly strong for a human, and after a few seconds of stupidly standing and blinking in place, I grabbed Damon by the wrist, and we ran, past the tents, away from the river, faster and faster, heading toward my home.

Effect of Landslipe

Effects of Landslides Landslides are a major catastrophe the world as it is general andsignifi enduret impact, including Malaysia. The effects of catastrophic landslides isdangerous to humans and to other living thingsFor example, the slope of the saturated with water to form junk ranges or mudflows. Concentrated mixture of rock and mud whitethorn destroy the trees, houses, andcars and blocking the bridge. Mud conglomerate with river flow can casing devastatingflooding along the route. Similarly, the ice floes formed in the river caused by ice obturate the rivers andflows more slowly.However, it can produce enough energy to destroy the bridge. Icemay accumulate on the edge or on top of weak layers of snow or unstable causescrash occurred. Pyroclastic flows (pyroclastic) arising from dust debris of ash, poisonous gasand unrecorded rock from volcanic eruptions that spread quickly to eat anything that traveledto the effects of conclusion and death. Among the social effects that can be described as 1. Economic Decline Landslides are certainly cause damage to property. This brings losses to theeconomy of a country. Economic rehabilitation is also needed in the area that hasexperienced a landslide.This would personify a lot and some of the offending countryeconomy. Example1. A average, these landslides caused loss of $ 1-2 billion U. S. dollars and 25disaster in the United States each year. 2. At Utah, U. S. , in 1983, the total cost to repair the landslide area of 500 milliondollars and it is financing the cost of the most expensive landslide in U. S. history3. Loss due to landslides in the United States is estimated at 1. 5 billion dollarsannually. 4. Earthquake the terra firma Loma Prieta in October 1989 caused thousands of landslides covering an area of 5400 square feet.Causing losses of at least $10 million dollars . 2 . Damage To Infrastructure. Landslides can lead to damage to property ending from the force flow or mud. Infrastructure land such as buildings, roads, places of leisure and so on can be destruct by the landslide occurred. Example1. Destruction a building and placement. 2. Land massive collapse can cause the destruction of a city. 3. Damage to roads4. Affect communication system of roads and communication systems. Loma prieta5. Earthquake the earth in October 1989 resulted in tens of thousands of experienced landslides with an area up to 5400 square feet.Cause affectedroad communication system, property damage and destruction of homes. 6. At Alpine Valley, as a result of the City causation damage to the bridge flows asa result of the power flow. 7. Slip Estate Park Hill View occur on 20 Nov 2002 undone a bungalow. 8. May 15, 1999, thousands of residents in housing estates and the InternationalBukit Wangsa Ukay in Jalan Hulu Klang trapped when a landslide occurred inthe 100 round event 520 am that closed the only road out into theneighborhood 3. Loss Of Life.Loss of feel is a dangerous effect upon the occurrenc e of a landslide and it isdifficult to avoid. Many lives will be deep in thought(p) upon the occurrence of landslidesExample1. Landslide Estate Park Hill View occur on 20 November 2002 destroyed ahouse killing eight bungalows and family life. 2. Landslide in Highland Tower, Ulu Kelang cause of 48 people were killed andmany injured. 3. Landslide in Wales in the UK involves the rotation of the fine debris thatoccurs on hill slopes have been destroys a school causing 144 people werekilled, including 116 school children involved, aged 7 to 10 years. . Changes In The Surface Landscape. Landslide causes probative changes in the landscape of the earths surface. Pile of soil and mud from the landslide activity caused the high ground may be flatand settling sediment can execute thick very quickly. Consequently, dam rivers or lakes become more shallow to hold a lot of water. Water level becomes higher andthe ground becomes mucky areas. Landslides can also cause soil or rock slope becomes increasingly steep andunstable.

Customer Behavior in Fast Food Industry Essay

Recently a customer behaviour survey was undertaking among fast food giants like Hungry Jacks, K.F.C., Mc Donalds, and Pizza Hut Much has been written and said ab out(p) cleanliness in eating places. Every straightway and indeed pile vindictively drool over a story about a restaurant non being up to health regulation standards. Customers complain about waitresses handling money and then serving food without washing their hands. Sometimes they take a glimpse into the kitchen and are horrified at the cooks personal hygiene. But how often are customers scrutinized for their filthy habits? Their nose picking antics and then a reply of pizza straight after, or a visit to the rear ends without washing hands. How kick in customers been getting away with these buggy habits for so long in a society where cleanliness should be a priority? What shall restaurant managers do about these peculiar people who come and drag them through court because of food poisoning?Was it genuinely the f ood or was it their grubby hands which flicked the food after they came from the toilet or from their house? Some Eastern customs have a sweet smelling, hot or cold finger bowl on the table. Often the food is not served until all have dipped their fingers in this, really, antiseptic solution. In aeroplanes, sometimes hot, disinfectant face washers are handed out before a repast is served. Maybe restaurant proprietors ought to take note and introduce something similar. Societys cleanliness has degraded over the years, people have become lazy, nonchalant about cleanliness and laugh when something is said about personal hygiene. Watch out sickness is on the rise Germs are gaining in numbers, beware lest they consume you in your ignorance Questionnaire Restaurant Proprietors Answered 1 Do customers wash their hands before they sit down and dine-in? No, not full broadly speaking. Actually, I have neer attend ton anybody do it yet.2 Do adults make more mess than children?Yes, defi nitely. Its surprising, but they do.3 What is the general behaviour of adults like?Ok I guess4 Do they speak quietly, noisy or outright rudely and loud? Most people behave politely but when you have a group of teenagers they are often very noisy, rude and offensive to other customers as well as the staff.5 Are adults more polite and friendly to staff than teenagers? A lot of teenagers are generally polite and friendly but some adults are more rude than teenagers. 6 Do customers have respect for the furniture, crockery, glassware etc? Yes, usually theyre pretty good.7 Do they steal anything like saltiness and pepper shakers, cutlery etc? Theft is high with cutlery, desert bowls and anything smaller than the dinner plate. 8 Do most pay their bill without grumbling?Yes, they dont have much choice. Do they?9 In places where you can eat as much as you like, are customers wasteful? Absolutely The take in amount of waste is shocking. With so much poverty and starvation in the world it is sometimes grim to see good food going to the dump.10 Do customers touch food on self-serve salad proscribe and put it back? Children and teenagers are the worst offenders. Adults also have a habit of fingering foods and not consuming it. A bad habit if they havent washed their hands.11 Would you like to see a better dress standard for customers that dine here? No, we would loose a lot of customers if we did.Were a family restaurant. People drop in and out all the time. 12 Do customers who use toilet facilities wash their hands after use? Cant really tell. I would like to recover they do.13 In what state do they leave the toilet facilities after using them? No worsened than any other public toilet facility.14 Does management get many complaints from customers?Occasionally, we try to pattern out any loud gatherings before they get out of hand. Most people are cheery with the quality and quantity of food we prepare every day.

Safety Health and Environmental Report

INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT root By MAXWELL MASUNDA MIDlocal anesthetic ara ne dickensrkDS STATE UNIVERSITY BSC HONOURS GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Registration Number R102163M Period Jan-Dec 2012 division Health refuge and Environment Endorsed By lick Related Learning Supervisor __________________________ Signature l earners Name Masunda Max sound Registration Number R102163mStudents Signature ___________________________ Signature familiarity legal tender Period Jan Dec 2012 Academic Supervisor Mr Mutekwa Table of contents Page Abstract Ac companionshipments. 2 Abbreviations. 3 CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION 1. 1Information ab emerge the scheme. Vision, Mission earthment, Values and objectives of the organisation 1. 2 familys organisational structure and the place of the situation section in which the get winders work was undertaken. 1. parley and learning systems 1. 4Principal Services and their characteristics 1. 5Main markets served and their characteristics 1. 6So urces of competition 1. 7Types of engineering involve and their characteristics.. 1. 8Impact of G all eeryplacenment measures and policies, the Economy and changing surround and accessible attitude CHAPTER 2MANAGEMENT ISSUES 2. 1 instruction style, values, priorities, responsiveness to out(a)side change and forethought success.. . 2 Logistics, Production, Marketing and Management approaches to technical education CHAPTER3 3. 1 Roles and responsibilities of the assimilator during the work relate acquirement period.. 3. 2 Performance criteria and targets.. 3. 3 Opportunities and lines encountered 3. 4 Theory studied and operational practises 3. 5 Means of manageing exertion during work kettle of fish period.. CHAPTER 4EVALUATION 4. 1 Over completely evaluation of the WRL period CHAPTER 5RECOMMENDATIONS 5. Recommendations to Midlands State University discussion section of geography and Environmental Studies and The construct caller-up 5. 2 Other issues take care ed CONLUSION REFERENCES ABSTRACT The author commenced conk Related Learning on the 23rd of January 2012 at The lappet moth community (Nyanga waste office) in Manicaland state and is expected to complete in December 2012. This get across saves to give an out commercial enterprise of the tasks and activities carried out by the learner during the above menti iodind period of WRL melodic line of instruction in pursuit of achieving the requirements of the Bachelor of Science Degree in Geography and Environmental Studies at Midlands State University.DEDICATION I give special dedication to my m tonic(prenominal) and br separates who do my information a success. Your stewardship and heroism atomic number 18 sufficient to me. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My gratitude goes to the Midlands State University academic staff that has im fragmented their vast companionship and has so frequently assisted me with words of wisdom, hope and courage during my industrial attachment. My appreciation go es to the management and the delay of staff at The Wattle Company for accepting me to be part of the Wattle family (Nyanga Pine Division).I alike give gratitude to the unwavering take for and guidance that l constantly got from my supervisor Mr. S Ziyambe (S. H. E officer Nyanga Pine Division), by center ofout my industrial attachment period. My thanks in like manner goes to the Human Resources Department particularisedally, Mrs S. Nyangairi(human elections administrator) and Miss Tsitsi ( H. R Departmental secretarial assistant) . Great thanks to Mr Mazungunye (Forest Resources jitney-Nyanga Pine Division), Mr Kwenda ( picturet Engineer) Mr Velani ( timbreer Nyanga North), Mr Sigauke (Forester Nyanga Pine Nursery), Mr.P. Chipango (Forestry Department Clerk), and all SHE Reps in all incisions non sinkting all other(a) employees and the external society for their professional guidance and supervision deep d have their aras of specialisation unitedly with all the support and ideas that were sh ared to me during the course of my industrial attachment. I give credit to the compilation of this report to all the above mentioned professionals for believing in me and their constant support during difficult measures and period of my industrial attachment.I extend my gratitude to the section of Geography and environmental studies Mr Jerie and his colleagues for the knowledge acquired which do practical learning easier not forgetting my supervisor Mr Mutekwa who vi rankd us during the course of the industrial attachment and boosted moral. My heartfelt appreciation to my family especially my mother Mrs B. Paradzai, my brothers Noah, Michael and Macdonald and my friend, Tinashe Munodawafa for their unmerited support (Economic, social, moral and otherwise) finishedout my Industrial attachment.I give all the glory to the Lord Almighty for a course of instruction full of life and fun not forgetting how educating it was in all dimension. May the Lo rd God shed light on and bring continual success to you all. Abbreviations/Acronyms bbsBehaviour Based Safety BLRABaseline Risk judgement EDEnvironmental Database EIAEnvironmental Impact judgment ESREstate Stores command HIRAHazard Identification Risk estimation OHSOccupational Health Safety SHESafety Health Environment SHPSafety Health Procedure WRL Work Related LearningFRM Forest Resources Manager OHSE Occupational Health, Safety and Environment IBRA Issue Based Risk Assessment SWP Safe Work Procedure MP Management Procedure CAR Corrective Action orison LTI Lost Time Injury WMP profusion Management Plan EMP Environmental/Emergency Management Plan HOSHead of Section HOD Head of section CHAPTER ONE(1) 1. 0 Background of the Organisation The Wattle Company Limited was founded in 1945 in a bid to develop a lappet moth put forward Industry in Zimbabwe. soil was purchased in the eastern districts of the Country and a central office was established in Mutare.The rationale for the knowledge of wattle extract in Zimbabwe was twofold on that point was a general prediction of growth in demand for leather products in that locationof, by implication of growth in demand for tanning extract. There existed the percept of a permanent decline in supply of Quebracho extracts which, at the quantify, was the principal vegetable tanning extract in the world leather business. Wattle extract offered a profitable Substitute with a shorter-term enthronement horizon.These predictions were not fulfilled for the make iting(a) reasons which also motivated the subsequent diversification into hurt and eucalyptus The value of leather consumption was negatively affected by the subsequent instruction of synthetic non-leather shoe materials The development of synthetic tanning materials ( such as chrome salts) merely reduced the demand for vegetable extracts and Quebracho remained a wellnessy competitor to wattle extract. At the peak of wattle development in approxima tely 1959, The Wattle Company Limited had a contentedness from its endtations of approximately double its sales demand.Consequently, The Wattle Company Limited commenced a Programme of diversification into other plantation crops accompanied by a parallel disposal of exorbitance land holdings. The Memorandum and Articles of Association of The Wattle Company Limited permits it, mostly, to own and figure out forestry and agricultural estates, to puddle, functioning and deal in forest and agricultural products. The Company now special(prenominal)ally manufactures wattle extract, pine sawn tonusland, treated gum poles, eucalyptus sawn board and a residual product, charcoal. The Registered office of The Wattle Company Limited is laid at No. Durban Road, Mutare. 1. 1 Vision Achieve World class excellence in forestry resources management. 1. 2 Mission We will sustainably manage forest plantations, manufacture and be the supplier of choice quality sawn feel, wattle extract, cha rcoal, poles and operate to our clients in all our markets. We will build long term mutually beneficial relationships with all our customers, suppliers, employees, communities and shareholders. 1. 3 Values ?Integrity ?Quality ?Innovation ?Professionalism ?Transparency ?Teamwork ?Respect ?Empathy ?Passion 1. Companys Organisation and the place of the particular discussion section/ section in which the watchwordmans work programme was undertaken The Wattle Company Limited is the main gild the savant was attached as a patriarchal Trainee SHE Officer. He was also attached in the SHEQ department at The Wattle Company, Nyanga Pine Division which is laid 60 km out of Mutare. The department services(In SHEQ issues) other sister Estates such as Dunsinane Estate in Penhalonga, Nyakupinga, Mtarazi and Reneen Estates in concert with a Bush milling plant called Pine Products (Located in Mtarazi Estates) for Pine sawn timber production. 1. Communication and Information placements The c onfederacy dos a top to bottom approach. Group managers are responsible for the overall work of the company as a totally, and then they oversee issues within all the three divisions of wattle notwithstanding on that point are location managers and officers who are snarly in the side objective day to day pull inning of the activities within their areas of jurisdiction. The company uses memorandums and Internet services which facilitates Emailing system as a means of information relay not forgetting to mention direct or peer to peer communicating. The IT (Information Technology) at the head office is responsible for all machine ault repairs and controls the emailing system unitedly with denying access/sharing of controlled documents with external sources. There is also a LAN (local area network) From Netone, Company Contract lines from Econet in concert with provision of monthly airtime for communication purposes to management reps . more than so there is the use of GPS rec eivers, that is, Radios for all Foresters communication in the estates. every last(predicate) location managers and Officers report to a location/divisional General Manager which is the ut virtuallyest office at divisional level as illustarated in the organogram below.ORGANOGRAM image. 2. 1 1. 6 Principal Products / Services and characteristics Wattle Companys business success is centres on sustainable management of its forestry resources and is dedicated towards sustainable environmental management. The Wattle Company has received a number of accolades for its big(p) dischargeance in environmental and forestry management. The Company operates under three strategic Business Units, Namely, Nyanga Pine Division Wattle Mimosa Division Vumba smells Division It has four core businesses for production and marketing of Pine sawing machinen Timber and manure Wattle Extract Eucalyptus Poles Charcoal Fig 3. Wattle Company Divisions Fig. 4. Wattle Company Hectare all divisions inclusive . The school-age child was based at the Nyanga Pine division. NYANGA PINE DIVISION Nyanga Pine Plantations are turn up at Nyanga and Dunsinane Estates, approximately 65 kilometers and 35 kilometers north of Mutare, respectively. Available Resource Nyanga has a sustainable resource of 150,000m3 saw logs per annum for the pine plantations. An additional resource base from Art Corporation plantation which has been secured by the company is 76,000m3.Acquisition of the rest of the Art Corporation plantations is also expected to yield an additional 31,600m3 per annum. Figure. 3. Part of the resources procurable in the Nyanga Pine Division. Land holding in this Division is 18 973 hectares. Logs from these plantations are managed on a 20 to 25 stratum rotation and 450 hectares are harvested annually producing 150 000m? of saw slogs. The timber is harvested and transported to the sawmill victimisation specialized equipment. As illustrated in fig 4 below. Fig. 5. A forwarder transporting logs PINE SAWN TIMBERThe Sawmill has a capacity of producing 72000cm3 of sawn timber per year and has 2 production lines. The strain saw line for big diameter logs and the multi-saw line which replaced the chipper canter line for small diameter and larger diameter logs. Fig 6 illustrates the frame saw line. Fig 6. 1 A log entering the frame saw line Fig 6. 2 A log out of the frame saw line The Wattle Company produces amply quality sawn timber that has lofty demand both locally and internationally . Pine sawn timber is a soft wood. The pine sawn timber is kiln dried to standard moisture content of betwixt 12 15%.This is achieved by adhering to stringent quality control measures starting from the source of our timber and in addition, our processes conform to the local Standards Association of Zimbabwe Board (SAZ) and South Africa Bureau of Standards ( SABS) yet also currently seeking ISO 9001 certification. The morphologic timber comes in solid form, finger jointed, planed all round and kiln dried. The lengths range from 0. 9 m to 6. 6 m. Fig. 7. Pine sawn timber stacked in the warehouse Structural timber is mainly utilize for formulation, whilst Industrial put timber is used for furniture and industrial purposes.These products are marketed and sold by dint ofout the SADC region to different customers in their specific requirements. Bi- products Crating, Pulpwood, and Pillar logs, Pine bark, Wood shavings and Saw dust are produced. The company also produces the industrial grade timber for the furniture manufacturers. Moreover the company also produces Manure from decomposing mixtures of sawdust and bark which is demanded locally, mainly by maize and cotton producers. withal the company offers other used products such as used tyres, used oil, scrap metal and old vehicles.Wood is another product produced for sale to outsiders with many provided to the general workers and the local communities who die hard in electricity free houses. Principal servi ces Wattle Company provides expertise to other peer timber producing organisations, bookmans in local high schools by conducting fire and tree planting campaigns together with savants on industrial attachment in various departments found in the organisation. More so it offers wellness services such medical wellness care, HIV and support coun deal outing and testing and maternal care to engaged/ non employees yet local battalion.It also offers employment to the local community and the country at large. The company is involved in the preservation of Natural resources such Fauna and flora, Historical cultural sites, such as Nyangani terraces and inexpert areas such as Mtarazi Falls with help from its security. The Wattle Company, through its Nyanga Pine Division is certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), which is an international organization that provides accreditation of forest management practices. FSC establishes standards as well as monitor the cosmic string of custody and labelling of wood products. . 7 Main markets served and their environmental characteristics The Wattle Company is currently supplying the happening markets, ? Botswana 33%, ?South Africa 35% ?Zimbabwe 20% ?Namibia 6% ?Zambia 3% ?Mozambique 3% Fig. 8. Timber market sizes in % Timber products produced at Wattle Company have created demand through spiral, repeat and referral marketing. The Product is produced from a well managed resource that adheres to specifications of international standards. The timber is mature and is suitable for major construction jobs which most construction companies prefer.The Wattle Company has created a competitive edge against its patience peers by upgrading its product through mouldering, as a differentiation strategy to its competitors who prefer to sell their timber as general grade. Wattle Company uses benchmarking as an analytical process through which the organizations performance in the market is compared to the better in the country and the region. Positioned in a niche market it supplies 80% of its timber as structural which automatically means only those that are in the construction fabrication prefer the product. The companys minimum effectuate quantity is 48 cubes.The prices are factory that is they exclude freight cost since customer own transport is used. The Companys Pine Sawn Timber is convocationed and sold in two broad categories Structural sawn timber for builders merchants and roof truss manufacturers. There is also the Industrial sawn timber for furniture and door manufacturers and pallet makers. Approximately 70% of the Pine Sawn Timber is exported while 30% is sold locally. All dispatches are made directly from Nyanga Pine Sawmill spearheaded by Wattle Company headquarters in Mutare where all payments are made.The Company is the third largest producer of Pine Sawn Timber in Zimbabwe and sells its product under the brand NYANGA PINE. Zimbabwean timber is proven by international test standard to be competitive in strength, work strength and appearance with South African and European pine. 1. 8 Sources of Competition Competition in the region is not upright coming from regional suppliers hardly also timber coming from as far as Chile, Brazil and Australia amidst softening demand in the market backyards.A event in send is the Namibian customer called the Mega build who is importing timber from as far as Australia as a result, it creates wedge and price distortions and reduces the regional suppliers market share. The Zimbabwean primary wood processing industry is an oligopoly reign by five players namely Wattle Company, Border Timbers International, assort Timbers, Mutare Board and Paper Mills, and Hunyani. Each of these companies has its own timber processing facilities and grows timber for own use.Three are major timber suppliers namely, The Wattle Company, lodger Timbers and Allied Timbers, with the other two suppliers operating more than two sawmills to each o ne. The difference between The Wattle Company and its competitors has been the ability to stick to world class standards and pro efficiency. Border Timbers is now the second biggest player in the industry but of late experiencing problems of diminishing resources. Wattle Company, Forest Company of Zimbabwe, and Border Timbers produce or so 89% of timber in Zimbabwe and 1% is from Bush Millers. Threat posed by forest fires locally affects takings in terms of quality.Recent fires in South Africa had weakened output prices. Only Wattle Company and Boarder Timbers are Forest Standard Commission (FCZ) certified giving Forest Company of Zimbabwe a dis usefulness on the international market. Wattle Company is currently the smallest player in the industry but the most efficient. The competition in Zimbabwe Timber Industry hinges more on volume capacity than other factors such as quality, lead time and turn around. The wattle Company has edged its competitors by sticking to high quality st ructural timber creating a name in the regional construction industry.Environmental Management The Wattle Company Limited is a recipient of Timber Producers Federation of Zimbabwes Environmental Awards and has a record Environmental Management System in place. Special Management is applied to the conservation of water catchment areas, high altitude grasslands, main forest communities and archaeological heritage such as the trunk of Nyanga Terrace Culture, taint pr regular(a)tion of estate soils by machinery oils and proper disposal of waste (paper, wood, glue, metal and clinic wastes). 1. 9 Types of technology involved and their characteristicsThere is a lot of modern machinery used for Pine sawn timber production from planting to marketing of the spotless product. The information above is the general information of the whole Wattle Co divisions. However the growing of pine trees at Nyanga Pine division is for sawn timber. Nyanga Pine plantings are largely restricted to Pinus pa tula, but implicate P. taeda P. elliottii, P. kesiya P. tecunumannii and P. maximinoii and virtually of these species are being carefully considered now (Wattle Co Management Plan of the Pine Estates 2012).There is the use of Diesel powered chain saws an earth moving machinery for cutting or bringing down the trees respectively, followed by choking which involves bringing the logs close to the road (for choose gibe to diameters and loading using the telelogger) using tractors cows the skidder and cable yarders (from inaccessible areas like in valley bottoms). More so haulage trucks are then used to transport logs from the harvesting sites to the Sawmill for processing. At the Sawmill, teleloggers are used to offload trucks and sorting is do as well.Cane hooks are then used to roll logs onto electric powered cart chains (the process is highly mechanised)which feed the de-barkerfor bark removal onward proceeding to the frame Saw and Multi-saw lines for cutting to size. Conveye r belts carry the timber to the green chain section where manual loading of the Boogies is do followed by Kiln drying using The Ballman and Tekma Kilns which are Electric and Fire powered respectively. Traverses then carry the dried timber to the Dry mill section for cutting to size and packaging.Side loaders then load the timber as per orders before loading to trucks for departure to their respective destinations. Fig. 9. Process hunt down diagram of timber from harvesting to warehouse 1. 10 Impact of government Measures and policies, the economy and changing environment and social attitudes Government legislative bodies such as NSSA, EMA and SAZ have positively impacted on the organisation to be a workable environment through its NSSA compensation scheme in case of injuries. Subscribing to EMA and SAZ has coerced the organisation to improve its environmental management climate, market return and im proved OHSE standards respectively.On the other hand through the Recruitment and Selection policy, which requires locals to be considered first when employing quite a little, inexperienced people have been assimilated which greatly affect the quality of workforce available. The economic climate currently has improved performance of the organisation where a monthly profit of US$23000US$30000 is obtained hence it has resulted in improvement in the salary scales. The favourable climate has also change magnitude the market size by attracting more immaterial customers aided by SAZ certification.Cash flow problems/Global liquidity shortages have negatively impacted the organisation forcing it to sell on credit thereby resulting in late payments of salaries and wages. Increasing mechanisation levels have also resulted in high job losses Changing educational environment has resulted in most locals shunning the broken paid jobs in the forestry industry. More so qualified personnel is also leaving the organisation for greener pastures with even students are now shun ning being attached there because of absence of any allowance.CHAPTER TWO(2) 2. 1. 0 Management style Values and priorities, responsiveness to external change and management 2. 1. 1 Management style It is a top to bottom approach. The divisional activities are run from the headquarters by conclave managers. On site there is the GM, FRM, TLM, Accountant, HR assistant and SHE Officer. These HODs are the policy makers assisted by HOS who do the day to day running of the various departments reporting to the GM. The organisation has 6 departments namely Clinic, HR, Forestry, harvest time, Administration and SHE.HODs report also to group managers who directly report to the COO, who is the overall head of the company who delegates tasks to top management. A work periodic pass on opposition is conducted by top management and chaired by the COO. 2. 1. 2 Values and priorities Values and priorities of the organisation are good deal by the management team since there is a top to bottom a pproach to management of issues at the organisation. The organisational Policy is followed but it is mainly if not only effective upon the general hand wage earner and few lower grade staff workers. 2. 1. 3Management successionWorkers rotate departments depending on performance and not specialisation, for instance from HR to Production. Succession is handled by HR but that of management is handled at group level by group managers. There is also rotation of employees around the three divisions especially management/staff workers. 2. 1. 4 reactivity to external change Marketing surveys are done every month to determine market prices. Prices are then either lowered or increased depending on periodic studys. each week performance meetings are conducted on site chaired by the COO, where supplies are usually stopped wherever late payments are observed.Also the increased competition on the market has forced the organisation to seek ISO9001 certification and implementation of BBS in a bi d to lure the market by showing their concern to Quality and OHS issues respectively. Production of products as per customer requirements and specifications in terms of width and thickness has also come as a retort to external market changes in the timber industry. Also selling more and preferably to cash buyers has been accomplished to reduce the impact of cash flow shortages in the economy.The organisation also subscribes to the government gazette for updates on any changes in terms of legislations and other legal requirements. 2. 2. 0Logistics, production, marketing and management approaches to staffing and technological development. There is a silviculture department and a Forestry Resources Manager who is in charge of all the estates/ in charge of all the forest resources. This is the department which ensures sustainability and to ensure sustainability this department is responsible for all the plantings which include the harvested land or compartments as well as the burnt la nd.For example last year during the fire season about 900 ha were baffled to forest fires but there is reestablishment of these compartments as well as the harvested compartments. Since the rainy season began about 800 ha were planted so far and if rain falls the company intends to finish planting all the appetizing land. Planting back is a serious issue which is monitored at top management level as well as the Timber Producers Federation (TPF) which the company is part of. So the issue of sustainability is unquestionable at Nyanga pine division as illustrated above.As for harvesting there is a harvesting department headed by the Harvesting and Transport logistics Manager. When the compartment is ready for harvesting which is usually after 25 years the silviculture department hands over the compartment to the harvesting department with the forest plan department being involved as well. Usually every year the silviculture department hands over all compartments ready for harvesting then the harvesting department do APOs (Annual Plan of Operations) using the information provided. This is the first step done by the harvesting forester and authorised by the Harvesting and Planning managers.Harvesting then commences following a harvesting procedure. When the compartment is finished it is give over to planning for fibre waste assessment then back to silviculture for plantings. This is the cycle in short. The planning cycle is there for the sustainable management of the forest resources. Management is striving to cut costs through the acquisition of highly mechanised equipment like the Multi saw line which only requires 12 workers along the whole line as opposed to more than 30 workers on previous(prenominal) lines (chipper canter line).More so some departments are operating with one person with the aid of students on industrial attachment whom are not a cost since they are not paid, for instance, one SHE officer for Reneen, Nyakupinga, Nyanga Pine, Mtarazi and Dunsinane Estates and the Sawmill. Seasonal employees are temporarily industrious especially during the planting and fire seasons for preparation of fireguards and ring weeding respectively. Marketing is done throughout the marketing manager who is based at the head office in Mutare. Sales are also facilitated through that comparable location.No marketing rep on site since it is only a production site since collections are done using receipts and with the aid of phone calls. A larger percentage of the product is sold internationally. 2. 1. 3 Management Issues and their relationship to environmental issues and performance of the organisation. Management is more concerned with production hence environmental issues are not of much concern or they are not assumption much oversight since they are not funded for instance all industrial hygiene surveys were last done in 2009 and 2010 respectively.More over foresters also necessitate to be know in SHE issues hence it brings friction b etween the different departments. The SHE department is only involved in voluntary conformism to standards such as ISO14001and ISO9001 among others since it is only SAZ certified. There is generally lack of management commitment to SHE issues hence little is being done in terms of environmental management though there is vast knowledge inhibited within the site SHE Officer which remains an untapped resource though beneficial to tudents on work link learning to whom it is relayed. CHAPTER THREE(3) 3. 0 Activities carried out and Initiatives made by the student After a month in the industry the most tasks were delegated to the student for learning process, development of a world class/ skilled SHE practitioner and for monitoring appear during the course of the industrial attachment period. Only decision making opportunities in sensitive issues were not tasked to the student. 3. 1. Safety health and environment (S. H.E) induction of newly recruited employees This process involves c ondom induction of new employees and visitors so that they practise refuge every time and everywhere. It also shows the level of commitment of the organisation to SHE issues. After a month the student was given the role of conducting all inductions in the absence/presence of the supervisor. This further boosted confidence to speak amongst a group of people since it was going to be a routine task to train groups of workers. 3. 2. Land commonwealth excogitateThis is a project for treatment of oil contaminated soils to normal or near normal state which emanates from unsurfaced parking bays like the telelogger bay in the Sawmill, garage and management parking bays. The project was to remain an ever running project since soil is continuously being polluted. The student developed the land farming project together with preparing the project work out, documentation and description, assigning responsibilities, information of the people involved, monitoring, and preparation of continuous improvement documents together with monitoring of progress. 3. 3.Environmental Inspections, audits and on job observations This facilitated compliance to SHE standards, compliance levels to management procedures and task procedures, noting of at risk demeanor and conditions, Fire extinguishers, first Aid boxes and areas in dire need for improvement or meriting immediate attention. These aspects allowed us to police compliance to SHE standards and punishing of those who breach the laws using the code of conduct. The student was also part of the impanel conducting all cozy audits in other divisions of Wattle Company like the second quarter audit at Silver Streams in Chimanimani.More so the student conducted routine morning on job observations and inspections in the Sawmill and conducted monthly inspections by way of a checklist before surrendering the audit results to the supervisor for analysis and move of CARs. 3. 4. Conducting golosh health and environment educational and l egislative planning programmes for 1200 employees (high and middle level management and cheat on floor workers) The student with the help from sheik student developed and prompt the inspections and audit checklists for use internally and for use by all Wattle divisions.Since most trainings at the organisation are handled by the SHE department hence the student through the knowledge disseminated to him by the work supervisor, spearheaded trainings on BBS, MPs, chemical handling and other safety environmental and health related issues brought to his attention by external professionals, for instance, trainings on circumcision, diseases control, general hygiene and Training SHE Reps on how they were to conduct Observations. More so the student conducted Fire and environmental awareness to students in local schools.Also the student trained management and the shop floor workers on how to conduct safety dialog together with highlighting their relevance. The student also had passion to disseminate knowledge acquired at college through training the fellow workmates on Safety, Health and Environmental Legislative requirements the organisation had to subscribe to. In addition the student conducted refresher trainings on the SHE Policy, harvesting procedures and accident reporting. These were assisted by taunt drills to monitor for instance mock drills.The student was part of the panel which spearheaded these together with assessing the level of preparedness the Company assumed in case an emergency occurred. The student also assisted in developing innovative procedures in the improvement of available sanitation practices to meet targets set by the SHE department in its SHE manual. 3. 5. Compile monthly SHE reports and Weekly progress reports These reports showed progress and company performance on SHE issues together with activities and challenges being faced in handling SHE issues.It was the responsibility of the student to prepare monthly reports using available statistics and information gathered. This is also a way of communication with top management on Departmental performance. More so weekly and monthly reports were prepared by the student to show the level of progress and material covered during the course of the work related learning process. 3. 6. Compliance promotion and enforcement of occupational health and safety (OHS) and environmental laws. in any case conducting trainings on legislations, the student also made follow ups on progress in issues discussed or trained on as part of policing compliance to CARs, set targets and expectations. Those found not complying with these were warned and the CARs were not closed until progress was noticed, with others being warned or called for hearings since at Wattle Company, it is a dismissible offence to disobey any safety regulation or set standard. 3. 7. disaster/Incident investigations, identifying route causes and providing recommendations to prevent recurrence of incidents.Accident investigations are a requirement by law and are also of importance so as to know the causes of accidents together with identification of problem areas. The student conducted incident investigations so as to determine the latent failures and conditions contributing to the occurrence of the accident so as to learn and avoid the occurrence of the aforementioned(prenominal) kind of incident through the provision of suitable recommendations and action plans. This further enhanced the level of scrutiny by the student in any issue. . 8 Preparation of the BLR Assessment Database/Register and the Environmental Database The student together with another fellow student prepared the BLRA for evaluating risks and pic of workers to these risks per department. These were to be used as a basis for training during trainings on accident prevention, refresher training courses, and draft of action plans together with noting down any new types of incidents developing together with taking advert of th eir congenital causes or accelerators.The student also was part of the team that prepared the environmental database which was to be profitable in Natural Resources management since it allowed the student to quantify the amount of water, fuel, electricity and Wood fuel consumed per month together with calculating the amount atmospheric pollutants the company was contributing through its use of oils, burning of waste in the incinerators and the use of diesel fuelled vehicles and machines. More so knowledge about the amount of water, electricity and wood allowed future planning for sustainable resource use to be done. 3. Training of SHE Representatives SHE Reps are the eye of any SHE department hence much of the trainings done were to equip them with the necessary skills to foster safe working in their fellow workmates. The student hence trained SHE reps on accident reporting procedure, conducting and completion of BBS observation checklists, conducting of safety talks just to ment ion a few. This was done since they were the ones constantly on the ground and also it was detect to be easier to spread knowledge on SHE using people at the same level since they deduce each other better. 3. 0 Conducting the HIRA process and taking down all potential hazardous tasks and related risks The student also conducted the HIRAs for all departments which was also useful in the preparation of the BLRA database. HIRA involves identification of hazards and estimating the risks thereby allowing the development of action plans to manage those risks before they occur 3. 11 Conducting of internal EIAs for small internal projects. The student conducted an internal EIA for Pine Products which is a sister company of Wattle (Nyanga Pine Division) specialising in the production of pine sawn timber as well.Here the student used acquired knowledge at college together with additional guidelines from an internal EIA checklist to assess the environmental, social, health and pollution (fro m waste generation and disposal) related impacts of the already running bush mill/Plant. This was also a form of compliance to national legislative requirements from EMA Act chapter 2027. 3. 12 Conduct occupational and health campaigns The student conducted campaigns on male circumcision together with liaising with the clinic on the behalf of PSI so as to provide a venue and set actual dates for the surgeries.More so the student conducted further training on Cancer, HIV and AIDS respectively since they were also part of the reasons why circumcision was being promoted to be done. 3. 13 Accident Register modify The student also prepared the Accident Register for the years 2011 and 2012. Also weekly updating of the learn was done by the student together with Trend analysis of accidents between current and previous years. This annals assisted in noting any major changes in accident rates together with the reasons why that was happening.It allowed review of Policies and performance wh erever there was need. 3. 14 Taking tours with new employees during inductions and or visitors around the plant or estates to view operations. The student also after inducting new employees took them for a tour around the plant and estates to familiarize them with SHE issues involved within those areas. Besides SHE issues the student was also knowledgeable about the product process flow since it was part of the reasons for the tour hence he had to share it with the visitor or new employee. 3. 5 Reviewing EMPs, WMPs, EMPs etc Besides preparing new documents the student was also involved in reviewing and updating of all obsolete documents. This was done according to the set review periods and was also auditable both externally and internally. 3. 16 Conducting Pre- cant talks. Also the student conducted Pre-shift talks to management and the shop floor workers as a way of enhancing safe working together with notifying on previous weeks incidents to all workers and training workers on pr evention of the same incidents from repeating themselves.The student hence developed and prepared the SHE Talk Calendar for the year 2012 as a guideline on weekly discussions in every department and section. More so the student policed whether these pre-shift talks were being conducted since some people had a tendency of ignoring or not attending hence the provision of Pre-shift talk registers. 3. 17 terminus and introduction of NSSA WCIF 14 forms The student also completed the above mentioned forms for any LTI or accidents meriting a claim from NSSA, since every worker was insured to NSSA in case an accident would occur.The student and travelled weekly to Mutare for submission and collection of claims cards for use in treatment or receiving a claim from the bank. 3. 18 discipline and Implementation of BBS Social Soccer League The student developed the BBS League as part of entertainment to the workers. In addition the student went to purchase the balls and acted as management t eams coach cum player in preparation of the league games. The student also included safety statistics as part of points awarding system together with updating of the log standings every week. . 19 register of SHE documents After preparation of any document the student had a filing day every week for filing of each internally or externally prepared that was useful in future. The student prepared a SHE filing system in soft copy and saved the documents on the machine. Further even so the student prepared hard copies of the same documents and filed them separately using a filing index and number. These documents were useful during Audits since they were a requirement especially during external audits by NSSA, EMA and SAZ.Filing thus made it easier for document access whenever pass for. 3. 20 Acting as Secretary during SHE meetings The student also acted as a departmental secretary during SHE Monthly meetings and during management BBS training meetings. More so the student recorded t he proceeding and typed them together with circulating them back to all departmental HODs. PERFOMANCE CRITERIA AND TARGETS SET FOR WORK PLACEMENT PROGRAMME Performance Criteria There are basically two types of approaches being used by Wattle namely a. Logical model approachUnder this framework objectives are set on different programmes and strategies for implementation plans in place where objectives stated, compilation of data, SHE Policy commitment is key and is stated as well. The framework is implied in all significant issues, for instance, significant Safety or Health hazards and impacts are given set objectives and targets in a bid to reduce or eliminate their impact. The specialists in the field done the ground work and the affected groups only adopt irrefutable approaches either pertaining to their safety or health. . Participatory approach This is used in managing key Environmental issues and System implementation and is mainly executed through a suggestion scheme, for in stance, Zvandaona Nhasi Scheme in BBS implementation. It is clean to everyone, that is, local heads and the community at large and is not selective in terms of gender of social class. The method involves listing down all suggestions of all participants. Management Objectively verifiable Suggestion indicators are enlisted using this approach.Community appreciation of projects like tree planting and wetlands management are used as a performance criteria tool. Usually the community or affected group are allowed to develop practical home office grown solutions for verification and adoption by the organisation in spearheading issues to do with environmental pollution and its related impacts to their livelihood, animals and health. Targets Departmental SHE targets and management programmes are derived from significant hazards in that department. All significant hazards are then given key SHE commitment areas.Each department has its own hazard register rated differently as per frequency and exposure rates. Significant hazards are given objectives and targets, management programmes together with target completion dates. These hazards registers are reviewed every year. The SHE department inspects each department to verify the effectiveness and coverage these departmental hazards registers. EXPERIETIAL LEARNING GAINED FROM WRL PLACEMENT-OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS FACED AND MEANS adopt TO EXPLORE AND OVERCOME THEM Experiential Leaning gainsExposure to real work environment and assuming the role of a full time employee allowed the student to swallow pride from the respect he got from fellow workers some of whom were elderly people, at the same time allowing him to know about work ethics and expected workplace manners. An Assessment of the working environment was done at arrival at Wattle to see how people conducted each other. Adopting to the way of life at the same place came second since it was a rural setup in which the student was not acquainted to.Adaptation to th e internal environment followed where the environment in which the student was working proved so complex and ever dynamic such that being flexible was one quality that had to be borrowed so as to be able to adapt to occupational dynamics. Familiarising with the system allowed full and competent performance to be achieved. Required Adjustments to personal character were made to suit the colleagues around and the working environments together with challenges faced from time to time. Setting of chievable and realistic goals and the development of action plans in managing of problems and non conformities was a priority. Extreme pressure was experienced whenever there were recurrent incidents and during month ends when monthly reports had to be prepared. During such a period the student had to stay at work till late or attend a double shift of day and night. Collectively, experiential learning Boosted confidence of execution of duty as a competent SHE practitioner, a good communicator, a good listener and fast writer as required in capturing minutes in management meetings.Good communication skills were highlighted through the ability to handle conflicts among and between fellow workers and friends. The student also learned to be Punctual where there was an anomaly in which work started at 630 yet the student had to walk on foot for about 7km to work. The student never disappointed though at times he had to attend double shifts and leave work as late as 2000 hrs in the evening. The student improved his personal skill and also acquired management skills especially in handling different tasks and attended to hearing panels.It also allowed the student to exercise power, delegated authority and to employ knowledge and skills gained at college. To this end, practical learning allowed the student to have practical exploration of work experience. It was also learnt that to succeed in any field, not only personal motivation but also the zeal to learn keeps you moving toward s your aims and goals in life. Opportunities ?Prospects of employment since most of the SHE managers are nearing retiring ages, hence having been there gives me a proportional advantage. Business opportunities since there is vast arable land lying idle and the shops lack variety in terms of goods provided together with waste timber which can fetch a good market in the nearby town of Mutare. ?Linkages to various external stakeholders like EMA, NSSA and SAZ on a more personal note ? Freedom to pursue educational opportunities since the job of being a SHE officer gives you ample time to do other things since your duty is only to train and enforce. Problems faced and how the student adapted ?Work organisational politics was one major challenge which made other epartments hate SHE not knowing that there was no budget for the department and all its financial issues were handled by HR. The student never became part of the Trade unions in order to avoid being a victim. ?Other departments w ere unwilling to share information hence the student went through his superiors in order to achieve his targets for the week. ?Working for nothing or without any motivation was also a challenge in which the student responded by developing the BBS Social Soccer League to forget about it.More so the student supplied some fruits from Honde and Mutare in order to make ends meet. ?There was no departmental transport for going on SHE inspections and trainings especially in far areas like the estates. Borrowing vehicles from other departments came as a solution. ?Fuel shortages for ambulance with reserves for production hence emergencies were attended to late. As the HODs of the clinic the students made a plan of keeping the tank full to its brim whenever the fuel was available. ?No SHE budget was available hence the department was forced to rely on decisions by HR.The department relied on non cash strategies so as to perform his duties effectively. ?Distance from home to work was too long , that is about 7 km. The student resorted to walking as archean as was possible to be at work in time since he was required to be there at 0630hrs. ?Departmental integrity was also a challenge in cases where the foresters claimed to be masters in SHE issues but denying responsibility whenever an incident occurred. They also lacked knowledge as what a SHE department was for including their roles and responsibility.The student resorted to being calm and forced them to make arrangements so that SHE trainings and inspections were done even when they did not value them. acknowledgment AND ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEORY STUDIED AND OPERATIONAL PRACTISES Theory learned at college tends to follow clearly outlined syllabuses, procedures and steps and are simple to understand whereas operational practises bridge the gap between guess and reality being complex and achievable after continual repetition together with having no defined steps followed except in task procedures only. Shortcuts are very common in the operational practise where sometimes they are observed to be safer than the prescribed steps. Theory only gives a notional description of tasks with operational practises giving the exact execution of the task. Too shallow information is disseminated in specific areas/ there tends to be more generalisations in theories studied whereas operational practises bring about so much specific information and documentation. Theory deals with prediction of cases whilst in operational practises results are condition oriented though they differ with organisations.Not much or all of the material learned was usable during WRL since there is some specialisation in operational practises where one only works in one department doing the same specific tasks repeatedly. The operational practises proved to be more complex hence require rapid dynamism so as to adapt to the working environment which is politically, economically and socially demanding in nature. There were some sparse similarities where issues learned like computing techniques in GES were usable in documents preparation, such as, Databases and PPE Matrices and trainings using Microsoft word, excel and playground slide show presentations.Communication skills (CS101) at college made proper communication affordable in the practical environment where training and interaction of diverse social groups was done from management to the shop floor worker. Basic theory save was vital since it made understanding and practical execution easier and faster. PERFORMAN MONITORING CRITERIA AND ASSSESSMENT OF DIRECTION AND SUPERVISION PROVIDED PLACE supervisor/MANAGEMENT TOGETHER WITH THE VISITING LECTURERS ASSISSTANCE.The student was viewed as a full time employee by the WRL Organisation and was governed by the code of conduct which therefore forced him to perform to the required standards and expectations. Weekly and Monthly progress reports on issues covered were a mandatory from the student sin ce they, together with tasks delegated were used to monitor progress of the student during attachment period. Weekly targets were also used which was based on a weekly plan. The student was also tasked to provide a personal file for assessment by Group HSE public treasury every month.The student was expected to complete all tasks planned for during that week with those unmet tasks forwarded to the following week. The supervisors mentorship approach was to make the student to accomplish certain tasks without his assistance and this was used as a means to monitor progress of the student in terms of speed of grasping and understanding of concepts together with skills development. More so the student also prepared a Log book as part of the progress monitoring aid. This was assessed and signed by the workplace supervisor assisted by the visiting lecturer who assessed the book during the period of visit .The visiting lecturer assisted in explaining what exactly the student was to learn a bout during the WRL period together with assessing the relevance of what had been covered. He also gave light on the position of the college in other related issues such as accommodation and salary issues . Also an assessment of issues learnt and their relationship to the modules covered was done. Also the student was expected to produce a WRL Report at the end of the WRL period as part of progress monitoring as well. CHAPTER FOUR (4) 4. 1 Evaluation of the Work Related LearningThe full year of industrial attachment was a highly productive learning process that exposed the student to the real working environment where real safety, health and environmental situations that are often presented as theory at college were made real through this process. The working environment is never a student oriented environment so as to provide a growing environment for young, new and inexperienced personnel but it remains real with clear operational procedures and structures which gave the student t he necessary practical experience required in developing future managers since the student was viewed as a full time employee.This was more than a just an academic fulfilment as the student was natured in his moral, social, observation and analytical skill together with amend his interpersonal communication skills. A greater percentage of the aims of the WRL were achieved as the student mastered most of the duties and roles to operate as a full time SHE Practitioner, though the student never had a chance to do some of the roles/activities due to cash flow problems which hindered activities such as industrial hygiene surveys (for air quality testing, Noise and Lung functioning tests) to be conducted in his presence.Some tasks took longer to be fully understood and readily skilled than others. This was a result of other tasks being daily routines/generic issues for instance daily inspections and accident investigation with others being a once-off thing, for example, documents prepar ation like Databases preparation and preparation of other major documents like Waste Management Plan. Progress was mostly seen where the student initiated interest thus constantly researching and questioning the WRL mentor through his eagerness o learn, whereas in areas where the student showed little to interest no information was relayed since he always had work to do. The students expectations were to act as a student but realised that there are no students in the working environment where everyone is given equal opportunity and viewed at the same level, that is, all as adults and full time employees governed by a single company code of conduct. nigh of the knowledge acquired at college was not usable in the working environment but rather new things which only took aboard a few of the theory learned at college were in operation.As a student I thought that my views were not considered in the decision making process but realised that some of my ideas and acquired knowledge saved a purpose especially where the student was consulted by top management on SHE issues in the absence of the supervisor. The Code of conduct makes the working environment Peaceful, workable and eliminates hostility and unsocial behaviour due to fear of dismissal. Colleagues in the SHE Department were so assisting and helpful in case of any problem be it social, economic or otherwise and made the student welcome by illustrating his importance to the organisation.On the other hand the student was not involved in decision making process of the whole organisation as some of the aspects remained a myth since the student was viewed partly as an outsider, hence confidential information remained inaccessible. 4. 2 Advantages and disadvantages to the Organisation brought by the students WRL experience Advantages ?The department could now function as a full department through increased manpower hence this made work easier through delegation of duties. ?Through the knowledge acquired and in the a bsence of the full time SHE Practitioner, the department could still run under the students influence.This also allowed the SHE Practitioner to go on leave since previously he could not be allowed for fear of lack of departmental functionality in his absence. ?It was also cost effective for the company to use the student since he was not paid anything though he was fully exploitable and competent. ?Also it was an advantage to the organisation having such a competent student on board since it would be easier to refer to/appoint him as SHE Practitioner in the near future since the field is a migratory field hence they faced a risk of losing current ones. ?The introduction of the BBS Social Soccer League by he student brought life and entertainment to the local community and workers at large. ?Most documents in us e were prepared by the student hence it was an advantage to the company. The students experience made enforcement of SHE standards and MPs easier hence assisting in lowering and elimination occupational injuries, diseases and negative environmental impacts. Disadvantages ?Though the students competency proved to be an advantage is also became a disadvantage to the organisation since there was a reduction in manpower when the student was returning back to college.Most work that used to be handled smoothly was now loaded to one competent person. ?Development of Land farming and balls, kits and trophy for BBS Social Soccer League was an expense to the organisation since they were supposed to fund these for them to be a success. ? but having experience is another thing but it remains the students choice to work for a company of his own choice hence the company can also be said to produce what does not benefit out of thereby making it a disadvantage as well. The time deep in thought(p) in training the student was a disadvantage to the organisation considering that they were not going to keep the student with them. Lunch out especially after management meeti ngs was a cost to the organisation as well. CHAPTER v (5) CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5. 1 Conclusions The students period of attachment at The Wattle Company Limited was a valuable experience which has natured him into gaining skills technically, professional and socially. The student has been exposed to different aspects of the SAFETY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT discussion section and has learnt a lot.The students Work Related Learning (WRL) period at The Wattle Company rightfully transformed him into a responsible student who is capable of working competently in the industry. It really gave him hands on the real job experience and was able to familiarize himself with new ideas and aspects in the industry. He is now capable of carrying out his duties without constant supervision together with taking his responsibilities with caution and to his ability hence has become self initiative in nature. 5. Recommendations to Midlands State University ?The university should develop cordial relations with companies so that there is general mutual understanding between the college and companies. This will assist both the students from the same institution having a comparative advantage on WRL Placement acquisition. ?The university must also reconsider on other external challenges away from work and increase the number of assessment visits to monitor conditions being lived under and challenges students are facing. The university must continue with the attachment program, as it is vital for skills development and gives advantage to the student when seeking full time employment as it acts as experience and leverage. 5. 3 Recommendations to GES Department ?It is very critical for the university to complement theory with more practice. It will be advantageous to the student if the university introduces courses, which are on demand in the industry for example BBS. Field visits to Organisations should be increased before going for work related learning so that students will get to know and prepare for what they are going to be facing when they are out there. ?The university should seek attachment places for students to make it easier because students are ending up going for an attachment lat